As in all joints, both the ball and socket of the hip joint are covered with cartilage.
The cartilage structure allows these two bones to slide on each other painlessly and with minimal friction.
The hip bone has a progressive character. It is a wear and tear disease that develops due to primary or secondary causes and damages the joint by affecting the bone and surrounding soft tissues. This condition is called osteoarthritis in medicine, or calcification in daily use, and is the most common disease of the hip.
What are the Symptoms of Hip Calcification?
The most important complaint is the pain that starts from the groin area and reaches the knee. The pain is aching and felt in the affected joint. In the early stages of the disease, pain increases with movement and decreases with rest. As the disease progresses, pain may become a problem even during simple daily activities. In later periods
continuous pain may occur that disrupts night sleep patterns.
Initially, there is stiffness in hip movements, pain and limping. As the disease progresses, the hip begins to deform. The lameness becomes more noticeable and the leg on that side feels shortened.
It becomes more difficult while walking, especially going up and down stairs. Hip calcification is mostly unilateral
. However, deterioration of the hip on one side may affect the other hip after a while.
What are the Causes of Calcification of the Hip Joint?
*Inflammatory diseases (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis etc.)
*Trauma (fractures around the hip, traumatic hip dislocation, etc.)
*Mechanical problems (malalignment seen in and around the hip joint, excess weight,
structural disorders)
*Congenital hip dislocation, Perthes Clave Legg disease
*Infection (after bacterial, viral, fungal infections, etc.)
*Tumors ( Benign and malignant tumors seen around and inside the hip)
How is Hip Calcification Diagnosed?
Physical examination and direct radiography are very useful in diagnosis. In direct radiography, a narrowing of the space between the bones is observed due to damage to the joint surface
. At the same time, the presence of osteoarthritis on the edges of the joints
New bone formations (osteophytes) in the form of "spurs" are seen.
What are the Treatment Methods for Hip Calcification?
Medical Treatment:
If you are in the early stages of osteoarthritis, non-surgical treatments
can slow down the progression of your disease.
* Avoid excessive activity and loads.
* Regularly. Do physical activity. Especially swimming, water aerobics and indoor cycling preserve muscle strength
and help maintain joint range of motion.
* Anti-rheumatic and anti-inflammatory drugs can be used. Glucosamine glycan and chondroitin sulfate, which have become more widely used lately, are other drugs that can be tried in the treatment. These drugs have begun to take an important place in the treatment of arthritis.
* Weight loss is very important in terms of reducing the load on the joint.
* The use of a cane is recommended. (To the healthy side)
Surgical Treatment:
Hip arthroscopy in the early stages can slow down the development of the disease.
One of the pre-prosthetic surgeries is osteotomies. Osteotomy is the cutting and redirection of the head
or neck of the femur bone. With this method, the loads on the hip joint are rearranged and/or the solid surfaces of the joint are brought to the load-bearing areas
. Although this method's popularity is decreasing due to advances in total hip prosthesis
, it can provide unique opportunities in some cases
In small cartilage gaps (especially traumatic ones) in the femoral head section of the hip joint. Cartilage transplants performed in the early stages of osteoarthritis can postpone the need for hip prosthesis
to older ages.
The radical treatment of hip osteoarthritis is Total Hip Prosthesis.
Renovation of the hip joint is undoubtedly the only option for the treatment of a damaged hip.
Extremely good results are achieved thanks to this treatment method, which has been applied for approximately 30 years. problems are eliminated
. This treatment, called “artificial joint” or “total hip replacement”
It is done by replacing all damaged and worn surfaces of the joint with metal-plastic-ceramic type materials
. Especially thanks to the advances and new discoveries in material science
the results are being carried to even more perfection
by using much higher quality and durable materials.
Advanced Technology Prostheses Make Your Life Easier.
Hip prosthesis consists of two main parts. A socket placed inside the pelvis
(acetabular part) and the head (femoral) part that will articulate with it and be placed inside the leg bone
. These two parts of the prosthesis, made of steel, titanium or similar alloys, are placed into the bones that are cleaned and prepared during the surgery. It is very
important for the materials in question to be held tightly by the bone for a successful result. Today, two different methods are used to achieve this. The first of these
is to ensure this tight hold with the help of a filler called "bone cement" (polymethylmethacrylate).
The other method is; Especially in parallel with the development of material and
engineering sciences, they are cementless type prostheses that have become more prominent in recent years.
Here, the prosthesis surfaces are made rough
with different techniques or covered with special substances that will ensure the bone adheres to the prosthesis
. Thus, the prosthesis can be attached directly to the bone without using any filling material. Other materials that will operate the joint mechanism are placed between the prostheses placed on the bone prepared in this way. Extremely hard and durable
special plastics (polyethylene), ceramics with eliminated brittleness and increased slipperiness
and sometimes even metal surfaces with the same properties are used to ensure joint function
used.
Thanks to new methods, patients can be ambulated one day after the surgery and return to their daily lives as soon as possible.
Regular muscle exercises in the postoperative period and issues to consider: n trained patients are sent home within an average of 4-5 days
What is Knee Calcification?
Occlusion or arthritis of the knee joint cartilage. It is the deterioration of the shiny and smooth structure and the deterioration of the functions of the joint. In calcification, tears in the meniscus and the formation of bone protrusions usually occur together with the cartilage. Pain begins in the calcified knee.
Over time, joint movements are restricted and as the calcification progresses, the legs begin to curve.
Symptoms of Knee Calcification
Pain in the joints. and stiffness is the first symptom of the disease. As the disease progresses, joint movements are restricted and walking and going up and down stairs become difficult. Sometimes there may be limping. The joint's
order is disrupted and the legs may bend. There may be swelling within the joint, behind the knee and on the front
side of the joint. In advanced and unrehabilitated knees, straightening or bending the knee may be difficult and painful.
How is Knee Calcification Diagnosed?
>The patient's statement, examination and x-rays are usually sufficient. MRI may be required to evaluate the condition of the ligaments and meniscus
Treatment Methods of Knee Calcification
Treatment of arthritis is directed towards the patient's complaints, not radiological findings
must be planned. It can be said that the simplest treatment that relieves the patient's pain and improves his/her standard of living is the most
correct treatment.
Weight loss: As patients reduce their ideal weight to their ideal weight, it reduces the load on the knee and prevents the progression of the disease.
It both reduces and increases the effectiveness and duration of the applied treatment methods
. When losing weight, it is recommended to lose weight under the supervision of a dietician. In the diets applied, it is recommended to lose weight slowly over a long period of time.
Exercise and walking: Patients with arthritis can walk. While some doctors impose a ban on this issue, some doctors recommend walking and patients are confused.
The most important criterion here is pain. You can walk distances that do not cause pain during and after walking
every day. Even if you are in pain, do not force it. pain pain It is valid for all sports
activities. For example, people with arthritis in their knees can do sports such as tennis and golf as long as they do not cause pain. When they experience pain, they can continue to do their activities by reducing their duration. If you want to do a sportive activity or are in too much pain to walk, indoor bikes are a very effective exercise device. When choosing your indoor bike
Choosing models with the pedal in front of the seat instead of the classic bicycle model will both allow you to use it at older ages and reduce the possibility of back problems.
Pain medication: Painkillers are the first choice as medication. Simple painkillers such as paracetamol and aspirin are extremely effective in the beginning. Rheumatism drugs (non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs) are a good option and control the patient's pain in many stages.
However, the side effects of these drugs on the stomach may cause problems with long-term use.
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Joint protective non-drug nutritional supplements (glucosamine and chondroitin) can be given in early stage osteoarthritis
to slow down cartilage deterioration.
Intra-articular injections are mostly used in moderate osteoarthritis where there is no acute attack. and
They are used when the pain is partially under control. In our clinic, both hyaluronic acid, which is the intra-knee fluid, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which is obtained after centrifuging the blood taken from the person at high speed, are injected into the joint.
injections are made. Intra-articular steroid injections are recommended for patients who are at very advanced stages and who are medically unable to undergo surgery.
Physical therapy and Rehabilitation: Physical therapy and rehabilitation are used in the initial stages and stages of calcification.
It can be very effective, especially in cases of calcification under the kneecap. In the following stages, the effect of physical therapy decreases.
Surgical Treatment Options
In cases of calcification in the knee joint, surgical treatment options are arthroscopically to clean the damaged cartilage and remove the fluids inside the joint that disrupt the joint. washing, knee
joint, thigh and tibia
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