The inability to have a child despite regular unprotected intercourse 3 times a week for 1 year is called infertility among the public and infertility in the medical community. Approximately 57% of couples who want pregnancy achieve pregnancy after 3 months. After 6 months, this pregnancy rate reaches 72%, and after 1 year, the pregnancy rate reaches 85%. In 10-15% of married couples, pregnancy does not occur at the end of this period and infertility is diagnosed. In Turkey, couples do not share this situation much due to social pressure. They generally start researching at the end of the 2nd and 3rd year by hiding it from those around them.
REASONS OF INFERTILITY:
1.Male factor (40%)
2.Female factor, (40%)
3.Female + male factor (10%)
4. Infertility of unknown cause is roughly divided into 4 groups. (10%)
Contrary to popular belief, the male factor is the most It is at least as important as the female factor. This fact is generally not known or accepted by couples. This rate (male factor) is expressed as 40% in many studies. For this reason, INFERTIL COUPLES SHOULD APPLY TOGETHER AND BE INVESTIGATED TOGETHER.
As age increases, couples' chances of pregnancy decrease. As age increases, the success rate of in vitro fertilization decreases.
COUPLES HOW LONG SHOULD THEY CONSULT A DOCTOR IF PREGNANCY DOES NOT OCCUR?
Expectant mothers under the age of 35, if pregnancy has not occurred despite unprotected intercourse within a 12-month period, and expectant mothers over the age of 35, if pregnancy has not occurred at the end of the 6-month period, expectant mothers with a history of gynecological surgery should immediately consult a doctor.
IN WHICH CASES SHOULD YOU CONSULT A DOCTOR WITHOUT WAITING FOR 1 YEAR?
If the woman is over 35,
If she has irregular menstruation,< br /> If the presence of endometriosis and pelvic infection is detected by the physician,
1 year is not expected in the group of patients with previous abdominal surgery (chocolate cyst operation, myoma operation and cervical surgery).
WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF AGE ON INFERTILITY?
As a woman gets older, her pregnancy rate decreases. A decrease is observed. According to the data obtained as a result of the research:
One in every 7 women in the 30-35 age group,
One in every 5 women in the 35-39 age group,
One in every 5 women in the 40 and older age group. One in every 4 women encounter problems with not being able to become pregnant after a 1-year period. The age of the man does not affect these figures much. These rates are not valid for every woman.
INFERTILITY AND SMOKING
The incidence of infertility in women who smoke is 10 times higher than in non-smokers. is times more. It is stated that smoking causes infertility in 13% of women. In a study, it was determined that the time to pregnancy occurs 3-12 months later in women who smoke compared to women who do not smoke.
CAUSES OF INFERTILITY IN WOMEN:
Ovulation (ovulation disorders 40%)
Adhesions in the tubes and abdomen (40%)
Endometriosis (5 -15%)
Group with unexplained cause (30%)
/> Systemic diseases (15%) are detected as endocrine causes (9%).
CAUSES OF MALE INFERTILITY:
Abdominal or groin surgery,
If there is a history of sexually transmitted diseases.
TREATMENT:Once the factors causing INFERTILITY are determined, they vary from person to person. Depending on these detected causes, normal or surgical treatment may be required. Assisted reproductive techniques such as insemination or in vitro fertilization can be applied.
Since the male factor is present in approximately 40% of infertile couples, the investigation of the couples begins by having SPERM ANALYSIS and SPERMIOGRAM.
-Spermiogram found in 1 mlt of cells:
-Sperm count is over 20 million
-Sperm motility is more than 50%
-Viability rate is minimum 4%, ideally 14% It is considered normal.
Assisted reproductive techniques are applied according to the data determined as a result of these tests. Or, if urological problems are detected, a urologist is consulted.
EVALUATION OF THE INFERTILITY COUPLE
Man: 3-5 days of sexual intercourse. after abstinence permiogram and sperm analysis,
Hormone tests performed on an empty stomach between the 2nd and 3rd days of menstruation,
HSG (UTERINE MOVIE) taken to show that the paths where sperm and egg meet are open and whether the channels are open or not and uterine (uterine) It is understood whether the uterine cavity contains a problem that will prevent pregnancy.
Egg reserves are determined by gynecological ultrasound performed on the 3rd day of menstruation,
As a result of these four-stage tests, the cause of infertility is determined. Groups where no cause can be identified are also diagnosed with UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY.
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