Cardiovascular diseases are the most important disease group that threatens health in today's world. Although there are regional differences, it is responsible for almost half of the deaths and causes functional losses that seriously impair the quality of life. Considering the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, one of the most important reasons that predispose to these diseases is a sedentary lifestyle. Regardless of a person's body weight and metabolic structure, sedentary life is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Of course, other risks associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as regression of obesity and decrease in blood sugar and blood fat density, also decrease with exercise. Since exercise reduces obesity and reduces the amount of hormones secreted or aromatized by fat cells, it reduces the possibility of cancer development, makes positive contributions to the psychological structure of the person through brain neurotransmitters, increases physical capacity by increasing muscle strength, and with the effect of all these, enjoyment of life and an increase in motivation occur.
Sports activities have gradual effects on the cardiovascular structure. Moderate intensity exercises will be the most appropriate sports activity in terms of both effectiveness and reliability. Increasing the intensity of sports activity, which mainly covers professional athletes, increases the effectiveness for conditioning but reduces the risk of heart health and muscle injuries. Therefore, such activities should be started with a physician's opinion, even if the person is young, and a physician's opinion should be sought periodically. Clubs generally have health screenings of their athletes, but especially young people who go to centers established for activities such as bodybuilding are not examined. Elimination of these deficiencies and possible negativities can be achieved through practices such as raising public awareness, making the physician's opinion absolute in the legislation issued for sports centers, and monitoring athletes during exercise.
Some structural and functional changes in the cardiovascular system over time, especially in professional athletes. is developing. Mainly on the heart with dynamic exercises k volume and less pressure load, which causes changes such as an increase in heart kits and an increase in the diameter of the internal chamber of the heart. In those who do resistance exercise, there is an increase in blood pressure and pressure load on the heart. In this case, the thickness of the heart muscles increases, the diameter of the internal chamber of the heart increases. It decreases and has a similar appearance to the disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but heart functions are not impaired. As the volume of blood pumped by athletes with each contraction of the heart increases, the heart rate slows down. All these changes return when the sport is stopped.
In summary, exercise is one of the conditions of being healthy and the limits of safe exercise should be determined, especially for cardiovascular patients.
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