Pain is one of the most common complaints in society and is the basis of the action of 'relieving pain', which is the goal of medical science. Abdominal pain is a temporary or serious condition that almost everyone experiences at least once in their lifetime. It is difficult to accurately identify the cause of abdominal pain because many diseases have the potential to cause this complaint. This pain varies depending on the location of the pathology, the involvement of the peritoneum, and the ways in which it is transmitted. Pain is manifested by conditions such as stretching of hollow organs, strong muscle contractions, stretching of the capsule surrounding the organ, and chemical damage. Biopsies taken from the gastrointestinal tract during endoscopic procedures are not perceived by the patient as pain and the procedure is painless. In sudden and severe abdominal pains, diseases that usually require surgical intervention such as acute appendicitis, gallbladder inflammation, small bowel obstruction, ulcer perforation, ectopic pregnancy rupture, and occlusion of the vessels feeding the gastrointestinal tract come to mind. Other causes of abdominal pain that should be followed closely include gallstone pain, stomach ulcer, kidney stone, gastritis, pancreatitis, ovulation pain in women, familial Mediterranean fever, herpes infection of the abdominal skin (shingles), esophageal inflammation, intra-abdominal abscesses, intra-abdominal organs. cancers and the most annoying, unexplained pain (the bodily reflection of psychiatric disorders). gallbladder diseases, liver cancer, abscess, liver enlargements in right upper region pain; appendicitis, Crohn's disease, colon tumors, intestinal tuberculosis in right lower region pain; pancreatitis, spastic colon, spleen diseases in left upper region pain; spastic colon, colon cancer, diverticular disease of the colon in left lower region pain; Menstrual pain, ectopic pregnancy, female genital infections, and some tumors may come to mind in middle lower region pain. For example, gallbladder Heat (biliary colic) occurs after a fatty meal, appears increasing in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen within half an hour and disappears before 4 hours. Ulcer pain is relieved by eating. Small bowel-colon obstruction is considered in foul-smelling vomit. Kidney stone pain comes intermittently and can reach the severity of labor pain. A heart attack should be considered in every stomach pain that starts suddenly, especially if there are certain risk factors for heart disease, and one should be alert in this regard. On the other hand, the possibility of appendicitis, cholecystitis, ovarian problems and miscarriage should be considered in the sudden onset of abdominal pain in a pregnant patient. Pain medication should not be given while the patient is being evaluated. If the patient is constantly on the move, kidney stones, intestinal obstruction; abdominal fluid or bowel obstruction if the abdomen is swollen; If there is stiffness and pain in the form of wooden abdomen, peritonitis should be remembered.
Gastric ulcer pain; It is a blunt, crushing, gnawing, mild to moderate pain located in the upper middle region of the abdomen. Duodenal ulcer pain is more associated with hunger and meals (increasing with hunger, decreasing with food). Stomach ulcer pain is less associated with meals. It is usually reduced by antacids. In acute appendicitis, there are preliminary symptoms such as loss of appetite and nausea. Initially, there is pain around the upper mid-belly of the abdomen. Nausea and vomiting followed; After 6-8 hours, pain descending to the right lower quadrant occurs. Usually, the first pain starts at night, is not very severe, increases after a few hours and decreases to the right lower quadrant. While you are here, there is a constant pain of increasing intensity. Acute gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis) pain cannot be separated from biliary colic. Initially, it is again in the upper middle region of the abdomen, then it moves to the right upper quadrant and is a constant pain. Sometimes felt in the back and right shoulder. It has nothing to do with gas. Acute pancreatitis pain is pain that initially develops in the upper middle of the abdomen and around the navel, usually after a heavy meal. It increases gradually, peaking within hours, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. It is reflected. It decreases with leaning forward and increases with lying on the back. Bowel obstruction (mechanical) pain is severe-colic pain. The most common cause is adhesions due to previous surgeries. Pain in the umbilicus and right lower quadrant in small bowel obstructions I, frequent vomiting with bile; In large intestine obstructions, pain in the left lower quadrant and vomiting in the form of stool occur. In FMF (familial Mediterranean fever), there is acute onset, severe, fever accompanied by peritoneal symptoms, and there is usually a similar patient in the family.
With this article, I aimed to draw attention to abdominal pain. This wide-ranging picture, which can vary from a simple gastritis to a heart attack, should be taken seriously, and a doctor should be consulted when it comes to a head.
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