Hemorrhoidal veins are collections of veins in the anal canal wall that anatomically exist in everyone. "Hemorrhoidal disease", or simply hemorrhoids, occurs when these structures expand and protrude from the area in which they are located, and in advanced stages they protrude from the anus.
Pregnancy,
Obesity,
Chronic constipation,
In situations that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as chronic cough
Excessive standing, excessive sitting,
Genetic factors predispose to hemorrhoidal disease.
What are the Types and Stages of Hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids can be divided into internal and external hemorrhoids. Those located within the anal canal are called internal hemorrhoids, and those that protrude from the anal canal are called external hemorrhoids. A person may have either internal or external hemorrhoids, or both may occur together.
Hemorrhoid Stages:
Stage 1: Hemorrhoids are completely inside the anal canal. The patient himself does not notice its existence. Its presence can be recognized if it swells or bleeds. However, it is detected by examination manually or with an anoscope.
Stage 2: Hemorrhoids come out during defecation and then go in on their own.
Stage 3: Hemorrhoids come out during defecation, but they need to be inserted manually. It needs to be pushed.
Stage 4: Hemorrhoids are completely outside. It does not enter the anal canal in any way.
What is Thrombosed Hemorrhoid?
Hemorrhoidal structures can suddenly swell due to blood clotting in the hemorrhoidal veins. This condition is called 'Thrombosed hemorrhoids'. If this happens in internal hemorrhoids, there is usually pain in the anus and sometimes bleeding; If this situation occurs in external hemorrhoids, in addition to these findings, it manifests itself in the form of hard swellings that can be felt in the anus.
Thromboses in external hemorrhoids can reach much larger sizes than those in internal hemorrhoids. As a result, severe pain may occur. In advanced cases, necrosis (decay) and inflammation may occur in these structures.
In the presence of thrombosed hemorrhoids, a general surgeon should be consulted. If there is very severe pain, bleeding continues, necrosis or inflammatory formations on the hemorrhoid, urgent surgery may be required.
What are the Symptoms of Hemorrhoids?
Pain in the Anus:
Hemorrhoids to It is one of the most common findings. The pain may be constant or only during toilet use. In thrombosed hemorrhoids, pain begins suddenly and is more severe.
Rectal Bleeding:
It is a common complaint. Bleeding occurs in the form of a light red drip, unmixed with feces.
Palpable Swelling in the Anus:
It is seen in external hemorrhoids. The absence of palpable swelling does not mean that there are no hemorrhoids. Swelling occurs suddenly in thrombosed hemorrhoids.
Itching:
Itching may be observed in hemorrhoids due to the secretion from the anal mucosa (inner part of hemorrhoids).
How to Diagnose Hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids can be diagnosed by an anal examination by a specialist doctor. Anal examination can be done manually or with a special tool called an anoscope. Diagnosis can also be made through colonoscopy performed during large intestine examinations.
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