Humming or tinnitus in the head is a common and disturbing condition. It can take different forms, from an intermittent or periodic, low
hum to a loud, high-pitched sound. There are types that can be heard by other people
and types that cannot be heard. It may or may not be accompanied by hearing loss.
Tinnitus should always be considered a 'complaint', not a 'disease'. Just like a pain in the leg or
arm. Just as pain is not a disease, it is a symptom of the disease. It is not considered a disease on its own. Since the function of the auditory nerve is to carry sound, if the nerve is stimulated anywhere, the person first feels noise. Pain is like nerve fibers; when we pinch our arm, it creates a feeling of pain because this nerve is stimulated from that place.
Just as pain can have many causes, tinnitus also has countless causes.
Hearing. Mechanism
In order to understand how tinnitus occurs, it is necessary to know the hearing mechanism.
This mechanism consists of five main parts:
External ear, middle ear, inner ear, nerve. pathways and brain.
External ear: It consists of the auricle and the external ear canal. These structures collect sound and transmit it to the eardrum.
Middle ear: Located between the membrane and the inner ear. It contains the membrane and three ear ossicles (anvil, hammer, stirrup).
Vibrations in the eardrum are transmitted to the inner ear through these three ossicles located in the middle ear cavity.
They cause fluctuations in the inner ear fluid.
There are glands and vessels in the middle ear, just like in the nose. A tube called the Eustachian tube ensures that the air pressure in the middle ear equalizes the atmospheric pressure and causes the ear fullness we feel when yawning in high places.
Inner ear: Inner ear, It consists of a bone capsule filled with fluid and thin nerve endings. It is covered with a very thin
membrane and is supplied with blood through microscopic vessels. The fluid in this bone capsule is activated by the ossicles, thus stimulating the nerve endings.
Nerve pathways: Nerves firing in the inner ear carry the stimulus to the brain. The nerve is in a thin bone canal.
A In the same canal, there is also the balance nerve and the facial nerve that moves the facial muscles. The nerves are fed by very small blood vessels within the whole bone channel.
Brain: The auditory nerve pathways are the most complex after entering the brain. They are divided into many more
paths than telephone networks. Nerve impulses are then carried to the brain area where they are recognized and evaluated.
External Ear Tinnitus
The external ear canal may close due to discharge, foreign body, or swelling. These can create ringing by creating
pressure on the membrane. The vessels in the ear canal or membrane may expand or narrow, causing auditory nerve impulses that cause ringing in the form of a pulse
Middle Ear Tinnitus
Any disorder in the functions of the middle ear, 'humming in the head'. can create the feeling. The tissue lining the middle ear swells due to allergies, infections, strokes and vascular disorders. Fluid accumulated in the middle ear cavity due to allergy, inflammation or obstruction of the Eustachian tube affects the inner ear and nerve pathways and creates discomfort. The accumulated fluid can form scar tissue as it is absorbed from here.
Scar tissue can cause tinnitus by stimulating the nerve endings. It can also constrict the vascular tissues in the middle ear, causing pulse-like tinnitus.
Inflammations, strokes, rheumatism and arthritis restrict the movement of the ossicular chain, impairing the stimulation of the inner ear.
At high levels, everyone perceives a feeling of fullness in the ear. This feeling occurs due to temporary
blockage of the eustachian tube. The same feeling occurs when the end of the Eustachian tube located on the nasal side is blocked due to inflammation, allergies, etc. This pressure irregularity occurring in the middle ear may be reflected as an adverse stimulus to the inner ear.
Inner Ear Tinnitus
Events that affect the pressure of the inner ear fluid may also cause tinnitus. Allergy, circulatory disorders. Situations such as , inflammation '
cause both pressure changes and changes in the membranes around the fluid.
Nerve tracts tinnitus: Nerve tracts are the most sensitive structures of the hearing mechanism. There is very little swelling or damage in these tissues. Clicking has an immediate stimulating effect and affects hearing. Local inflammations, allergic swelling, toxic effects of systemic patients, very loud explosion sounds, exposure to loud sounds for a long time in sensitive people, some drugs and disorders in vascular structures affect the nerve pathways.
We said, 'The auditory nerve passes through a very narrow bone canal between the inner ear and the brain.' For this reason, the slightest swelling that may occur in the nerve
creates pressure. Since the facial nerve and the balance nerve pass through the same canal, balance
disorders and disorders in the facial muscles may also occur.
Hearing tract. Rupture or spasm of any of the vessels on it leads to circulatory disorder
. Therefore, there may be a sudden tinnitus, with or without hearing loss. If the blood clot
is small, it may heal without leaving any damage. Since the event occurs due to pressure, it only occurs on one side
. Just because it is on the same side does not mean that it will recur on the same or opposite side.
Brain Tinnitus
The nerve pathways enter the brain, progress in it and certain We explained that they gather in centers. If swelling or circulatory disorder develops in any of these areas, buzzing may be felt in the head. They are mostly felt on one side
and are accompanied by other disease symptoms that will help the physician determine the location of the disease.
Hearing Impairment
Tinnitus may or may not be accompanied by hearing impairment. . When you consider the causes of tinnitus,
it becomes easier to understand why hearing and hearing can deteriorate at the same time. It becomes easier to understand why tinnitus and hearing loss can occur simultaneously. If tinnitus and hearing loss occur simultaneously, this does not mean that the disease is more serious or more difficult to recover from. Many
people with tinnitus fear that they will become deaf in the future. This is an unnecessary fear. Most people with hearing impairment
do not have tinnitus.
Treatment: If a disease is diagnosed as a result of examination and tests, treatment is applied accordingly.
The following suggestions are beneficial for people for whom there is no cause:
1) Do your best to stay free of tension and anxiety, because Stress affects the nerves that are still stimulated more.
2) Do not tire yourself and make sure to take time to rest.
3) Nerve stimulants should be avoided. Excessive amounts of tea, coffee and cigarettes should be avoided.
4) As soon as possible, learn the fact that ringing in the head is an annoying complaint and try to ignore it
completely.
5) Your tinnitus can lead to deafness. , will not cause you to lose your mind or die. Therefore, immediately
stop these scary thoughts.
6) Tinnitus is usually more noticeable when the person is retired and there is silence around him. Having a clock that makes sound
in the room or a radio that automatically turns off after a while can help you sleep by suppressing the tinnitus.
7) If you sleep with your head up on a few pillows, it will reduce your tinnitus as there will be less pooling in the blood. br /> may decrease.
Conclusion: Hearing is the most sensitive and easily stimulated mechanism of the human body. Since it is directly related
to the nervous system, it is closely linked to emotions such as tension and anxiety.
In order to successfully treat tinnitus or buzzing in the head, the patient must fully understand
the mechanism of this disorder. .
Read: 0
