What is HPV?
Human papilloma virus has more than 100 different types, and some types are sexually transmitted and cause genital warts, especially genital warts, cervical, penis, anus, and genital warts in both men and women. It is a virus that can cause cancer in some body parts such as the nasopharynx (throat). The most common cancer it causes is cervical cancer, and other types of cancer are much rarer.
HPV types 16 and type 18, from the high-risk group, are responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancers. HPV types 6 and type 11, which are in the low-risk group for cancer, are the cause behind 90% of genital warts.
HPV infections that cause cervical cancer almost never cause symptoms, do not cause any complaints, and are only detected in routine screening tests. They are detected.
Whether a woman has HPV virus, and if so, which type it is, can be determined by examining a sample of secretion taken from the vagina.
Cervical cancer?
Cervical cancer. The only known cause is high-risk HPV. In other words, cervical cancer is a sexually transmitted disease, a viral infection. Although it is so easily transmitted and so lethal, cervical cancer is a preventable disease. The most effective way to prevent it is a screening test called PAP smear. Every healthy woman should have this test at intervals deemed appropriate by her doctor.
When and to whom can HPV vaccines be administered?
For both of these vaccines, if possible, before sexual intercourse. 11-12 year old girls and boys; However, even if sexual intercourse is involved, girls and women aged 9-26 can be vaccinated in three doses without an HPV test. Additionally, it has been shown that the same effect is present when administered to women up to the age of 43.
How and at what intervals are HPV vaccines administered?
For both vaccines to be effective, they must be administered three doses intramuscularly (
Gardasil should be repeated in the 2nd and 6th months after the first dose.
Cervarix should be repeated in the 1st and 6th months after the first dose.
Can people with HPV infection get vaccinated?
It is important to perform HPV typing in women with changes detected in their smear checks. typing If any of the HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 are not detected, it is beneficial for these women to be vaccinated. There is not enough data on the effectiveness of the vaccine in women with HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 positive.
Before vaccination, HPV typing must be done on the sample taken from the vagina. There is no need for typing in children and those who have not had sexual experience before. HPV vaccine is a protective vaccine and has no therapeutic properties.
I have completed my HPV vaccinations, should I get a repeat dose?
In light of today's information, a booster (repeat dose) is not necessary.
I have completed my HPV vaccinations, is it okay if I do not have a smear test anymore?
No, you should continue to have your cervical smear test regularly against other types of cervical cancer that may develop.
Pregnancy and HPV vaccines
Should not be started in pregnant women. If pregnancy occurs after the first dose, you should start from scratch after pregnancy. If pregnancy occurs after two doses, the third dose can be administered during breastfeeding, starting from the 6th week after birth. If the vaccine was administered without knowing that she was pregnant, there is no need to terminate the pregnancy; No increase in congenital defects has been demonstrated. It can be used during breastfeeding.
Do HPV vaccines have side effects?
Since these vaccines do not contain live or dead virus, they cannot cause HPV infection, HPV-related cancer or death as side effects. Simple side effects that are present in all vaccines, such as redness, pain and swelling due to the vaccination site, may be observed.
Is unprotected intercourse allowed after the HPV vaccine?
HPV vaccine only protects against the relevant viruses. Provides protection against situations caused by It has no effect on other sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS, herpes, gonorrhea, Hepatitis B. The only and most effective way to protect yourself from these diseases is condoms.
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