Lee sylverman technique
It is a method used in Parkinson's dysarthia. It is used in hypofunctional voice disorders. It is used in individuals who speak in a hasty manner with reduced intensity, monotony, and low loudness. Traditional voice therapy provides successful results in Parkinson's disease, and these are achieved according to the hierarchy of respiration, phonation, articulation and resonance. The purpose of this management is to reduce phonation effort by regulating breathing and resonance.
This method includes individual therapy for 4 hours a week for 1 month. The therapy targets vocalization, maximum phonation effort and voice awareness. Patients are encouraged to use long-pitched, low-pitched tones. During therapy, vocal phonation, maximum frequency range, posture and maximum loudness exercises are performed. The patient needs to think loudly and think as if he were shouting. Think loud, think shout. Voice abuse should be avoided while demonstrating exercises.
Circumlaryngeal massage
The aim of this massage is to relax the patient's larynx and neck muscles and minimize the symptom of odynophony (pain while speaking). The massage starts by including the hyoid bone and sub-hyoid muscles. This technique can also be used in individuals with neck pain along with vocal findings. It is also an effective method in patients with muscle tension dysphonia.
Aleksandre Technique
This technique was created to provide movement, balance, flexibility, support and comfort. The aim is to ensure that the head, neck, arms and body are in an effective alignment. Incorrect position of the head, neck and trunk causes vocal damage and excessive tension in the laryngeal muscles. This technique helps eliminate wrong habits that generally cause vocal injuries. Additionally, this method can be used to increase kinesthetic awareness and reduce tension in healthy voice users.
Feldenkrais Technique
This method is based on military tactics, physiology, biomechanics and motor development. The aim of this method is to improve posture, movement, flexibility and coordination, as well as to correct the appearance. In this method, motor and sensory differences are used to restrict unwanted behavior and create new skills. It is aimed to ensure the response pattern, feeling and thinking. There are 2 approaches.
Movement awareness and integration with function
Movement awareness: in this, revealed exercise sequences given with verbal instructions are used. The sessions focus on every joint and muscle in the body and aim to gain sensory, motor and physiological functions.
Functional integration: manipulation and passive movements are used to gain new body use patterns. This method is applied to individuals with neurological and musculoskeletal system problems.
Inhalation Phonation
It is used in patients with adductor spasmdic dysphonia and in patients with severe dysphonia. The patient who gains speech during inhalation can then carry it to exhalation. It is more effective in patients with muscle tension dysphonia.
Vegetative and reflexive techniques
In patients with psychogenic aphonia, the normal sound occurs during coughing, laughing, clearing the throat and humming. These reflexive methods can be used to facilitate the restoration of normal voice. For example, an aphonic patient is asked to prolong the sound after coughing as much as possible. Or, if successful, the patient is asked to cough by saying a. Gargling, sighing, and yawning are among the facilitation techniques that can be used.
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