When we look at emotional development during adolescence, the first thing that stands out is the instability in emotions and the increase in emotional intensity. The most important factors affecting emotional problems in adolescence are age group, continuity of education, social acceptance, individual differences, and family attitudes (Koç, 2004).
Adolescence is a phase in which relationships with the environment are woven with emotions. Adolescents get attached quickly, disconnect quickly, believe quickly, love quickly. The emotionality he is in gives the adolescent the desire to feel adequate in everything. He wants to think like adults and be like them as soon as possible. But his weakness and inadequacy make him uneasy. Adolescent wants to break all ties with his childhood and the past (Avcı, 2006). For this reason, emotional development brings along with the increase and instability in emotions, falling in love, shyness and embarrassment, being restless and uneasy, excessive daydreaming, wanting to be alone, getting excited easily and reluctance.
While emotions such as joy, anger, and resentment are expressed immediately in childhood, emotions are more masked in adolescence. The emotional development of girls is also completed before boys. Among two individuals of different genders of the same age, the female one will probably be more mature than the male one in terms of controlling her emotions and balancing her excitement.
What is done about emotions? Studies show that three types of emotions are unlearned emotions. These are love, fear and anger. These emotions are the emotions that people have inherited.
Love: It is the most important factor that determines the emotional development of the adolescent. People need protection and love from birth. Meeting this need is very important for the individual to complete his spiritual development. Adolescents who do not receive love and acceptance often try to attract attention with maladaptive and rebellious attitudes as a reaction to this. Adolescents living in environments where love is not expressed are more dull and unable to show their emotions. It is etherless. These young people feel worthless because they are inadequate in social relations and cannot perceive themselves realistically.
Fear: Fears in adolescence affect the individual's intelligence level, age, It depends on his level of maturity, his self-confidence, and what fears he has been conditioned to. Fears are generally of three types:
1. Fears of objects and events: It is the fear of situations or objects such as animals, different sounds, natural disasters.
2. General fears: Fears of illness, poverty, death, the future or failure in school.
3. Fear of social relationships: Fears such as entering a group with peers of the opposite sex, meeting new people, or being alone in a group. (Kulaksızoğlu, 2004).
Anxiety: According to Cüceloğlu (1991), the differences between anxiety and fear are as follows:
1. While the cause of anxiety is not very clear, the cause of fear is clear.
2. The intensity of feeling fear is greater than that of anxiety.
3. While fear lasts for a short time, anxiety lasts for a longer time.
The most common anxieties experienced during adolescence are the anxiety that the adolescent feels during the process of getting used to his new body, exam anxiety, anxiety about failing in class and lessons, anxiety about the mother. It is the anxiety of not being understood by the father and his social circle (Kulaksızoğlu, 2004).
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