Mole pregnancy, commonly known as "Grape Pregnancy", is a picture seen in early pregnancy, where the placenta develops abnormally and the placenta shows abundant formations in the form of grapes in the uterus.
Molar Pregnancy (Grape) What is it?
There are two types of molar pregnancy:
Complete Mole: It is the most common form. It gives symptoms in early pregnancy. Pregnancy consists only of placental tissues. There is no tissue belonging to the baby in the structure called pregnancy. This condition occurs as a result of fertilization of a seedless egg with a sperm. Since the egg is seedless, the baby does not develop, but the placenta continues to develop. The patient has pregnancy symptoms due to beta HCG hormone secreted from placental structures.
Partial (partial) Mole: In addition to abnormal placental development, there are structures belonging to the baby in the pregnancy product. Here, the normal egg cell is fertilized with two sperms. Although the baby is formed, it has genetically excess chromosomes (69 chromosomes) and in this sense, there is no chance of survival. The normal human chromosome number is 46.
What are the Risk Factors of Molar Pregnancy?
Molecular pregnancy is more common in women of advanced maternal age, low socioeconomic level and malnourished. It is 1 in 1000 pregnancies. In women with a previous molar pregnancy, the risk of having a repeat molar pregnancy increases 10 times and increases to 1%. The risk increases to 10% in those who have had a molar pregnancy twice.
What are the Symptoms of Molar Pregnancy?
The patient may have all the symptoms of pregnancy, such as delayed menstruation, positive pregnancy test. Molecular pregnancy nausea and vomiting is severe. Because the amount of Beta-HCG secreted in this disease is above normal. Some of the pregnant women apply to the doctor with the complaint of 'dropping a piece similar to a grape seed'.
How is it Treated?
Enlarging the cervix under general anesthesia Evacuation of the uterus is the main treatment method.
What is Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN)?
Molecular pregnancy Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) can turn into a disease. GTN is a malignant disease that can spread to other parts of the body or recur in the uterus. Patients are followed up due to the risk of recurrence (recurrence) of molar pregnancy v e Protection is required to prevent pregnancy for 1 year. Birth control pills are used for protection.
The disease is evaluated for recurrence with gynecological examination, ultrasonographic examination and blood tests every 3 months.
How is Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) Treated?
After the whole body is investigated for spread with imaging methods, treatment with chemotherapy drugs is started according to the extent and severity of the disease. Good results can be obtained with chemotherapy.
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