Biopsyis the name given to the process of taking pieces from organs or tissues for diagnosis. The main purpose of performing a biopsy is to diagnose the disease. In cases where the diagnosis of the disease is difficult, a piece of tissue or organ is taken and sent to Pathology laboratories. Here, it is examined and diagnosed by tissue pathology specialists.
Bypsy applications are among the frequently performed procedures in interventional radiology. So much so that in some units, a large part of the daily operation is devoted to biopsy applications, and special biopsy units are even created. All biopsy procedures in interventional radiology are performed under imaging guidance. In other words, with Ultrasonography or Computed Tomography devices, the tissue to be removed is imaged and a biopsy is performed at the same time. In this way, the correct sampling is made from the right place in the tissue that needs to be taken piece by piece. In addition, biopsies to be taken from hard-to-reach or dangerous areas prevent biopsy needles from entering unwanted organs or tissues and biopsies from the wrong area are prevented.
Tumor biopsies are frequently performed in interventional radiology. These are usually liver, kidney, lung, thyroid and breast biopsies. However, normal organs or tissues can also be biopsied. For example, in liver and kidney diseases that cannot be diagnosed by various methods, a biopsy can be performed to detect the disease that impairs the function of the tissue.
Bypsies performed in Interventional Radiology are generally in the form of needle biopsies. These biopsies consist of;
1.Fine needle aspiration biopsy
2.Core (thick needle) biopsy
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Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy
In fine needle aspiration biopsy, as the name suggests, thin needles are used. These needles are generally syringe tips and similar needles for superficially located organs. However, for deeper tissues, Chiba needles and similar longer but thinner needles are used. Through these needles, the organ or tissue to be biopsied is entered, again under imaging guidance (Ultrasonography or Computed Tomography or MRI), and aspiration (i.e. vacuuming) is performed in these tissues. In this way, take it into thin needles Cell groups are either spread on a glass or placed in special solutions and sent to the pathology laboratory.
In interventional radiology, fine needle biopsy is frequently performed in cases such as thyroid glands or nodules, pancreatic cancers or other pancreatic pathologies, lung cancers or other lung cancers. These are conditions such as pathologies.
Core (Thick Needle) Biopsy
Usually automated or semi-automatic biopsy guns, or core biopsy It is done with special attachments or apparatus developed for In this type of biopsy, thicker needles are used compared to the fine needle biopsy. In this type of biopsy, as in fine needle biopsies, Ultrasonography or Computed tomography or MRI devices are used as a guide.
Organs or tumors for which thick needle biopsy is performed in interventional radiology; They can be listed as lung tissue or tumors, liver tissue or tumors, kidney tissue or tumors, breast tumors, and tumors occurring in other organs.
The biggest advantage of the core (thick needle) biopsy process is its larger size due to the use of a thicker needle. It is possible to take pieces and thus make pathological diagnosis more easily. However, it is not clear whether biopsy performed with larger needles will cause higher complications. Because it is very important to choose the appropriate biopsy method and the appropriate needle width for the appropriate area.
In both fine and thick needle biopsies, patients should be kept under surveillance for a while (a few hours) after the biopsy procedure. This period may vary depending on the patient's condition. After the biopsy, the patient should be checked with ultrasonography or computed tomography before being sent home. Most of the time (except for special cases), the patient does not need to use antibiotics due to the biopsy procedure. In needle biopsy procedures, since the biopsy is performed through very small holes (pinhole), no stitches are required and no cosmetic problems occur.
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