When the child's age, intelligence, education and environmental factors are taken into consideration, it is called Learning Disorder when the child's reading, writing and mathematics skills are below expectations. Learning Disorder: It may also be called learning disability or dyslexia. In various studies, the prevalence in society is around 10%. Studies show that Learning Disorders are caused by genetic reasons. Its incidence in boys is 3-4 times higher than in girls. Children with Learning Disabilities have a hard time in school life. Generally, their school life ends early. In the past, children with learning disabilities were taken from school early and directed to business life by their families because they could not read.
There are 3 subtypes. These are;
- Reading Disorder,
- Mathematics Disorder
- Written Expression Disorder.
The most common of these 3 subtypes is Reading Disorder. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is seen together with Learning Disorders at a rate of 60%. Early diagnosis is very important.
When it is too late;
- Lesson failure,
- Alienation from school,
- School rejection,
- Peer problems,
- Depression and conduct disorder
The risk increases greatly.
SYMPTOMS
- During the Preschool Period
- Speech Delay
- Low number of words compared to age
- Confusing the names of objects
- Misunderstanding the words speaking
- Speech not being understood by strangers
- Having difficulty expressing themselves
- Establishing short sentences
- Having difficulty learning colors, numbers, geometric shapes and confusion
- Confusion of time, place and direction
- Difficulty in motor skills depending on age(e.g. difficulty in dressing..)
- Playing with peers Difficulty in establishing and maintaining
School Period
- Difficulty in perceiving letters and words
- Confusing letters and words (e.g. b-p)
- Lagging behind peers in reading and writing
- Slow reading and writing speed
- Careless mistakes in reading and writing(such as incomplete reading and writing)
- Avoiding reading and writing
- Having to spend more time in class
- Having difficulty expressing thoughts and feelings
- Communication problems with peers
- Addition, subtraction, division, multiplication Difficulty in operations and confusion
- Difficulty understanding math problems
- Difficulty holding a pencil
- Difficulty in writing and poor, illegible writing
- Right- left confusion
- Confusion of information related to Place, Person, Time(Ex: confusion of months..)
DIAGNOSIS
It is diagnosed by detailed clinical examination. Intelligence tests are needed when necessary.
TREATMENT
Treatment of Learning Disorders should be carried out with a multifaceted approach that combines psychosocial and medical treatment.
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