Kidney stones occur as a result of crystals that cannot be dissolved and excreted in the urine. In healthy people, there are some chemicals that prevent the formation of crystals and stones in the urine, but in some people, this preventive mechanism may not work fully and recurrent urinary tract stones occur.
While the size of the stones may vary, they tend to move from the kidney to the bladder. If the stone blocks the urine flow and moves, pain, bleeding and infection may occur.
Urinary tract stones may develop without any symptoms, but sometimes they cause serious symptoms.
Kidney Stone Symptoms;
• The most common complaint is pain; This pain can sometimes be very severe, or sometimes it can be a pain that does not cause any discomfort. The characteristic pain is pain called colic, which starts from the flank area and progresses forward, and can also spread to the groin and testicles. Pain develops due to movement of the stone or obstruction of the urinary system.
• Bleeding in the urine; Sometimes it is visible to the naked eye, and sometimes it is only visible on microscopic examination.
• Nausea and vomiting; It develops due to the decrease in movement in the gastrointestinal system that develops due to the pain caused by the stone.
• Difficulty in urination may be observed.
Today, it is necessary to get rid of the stone that threatens the urinary system and to ensure that the patient can return to daily life as soon as possible. As a result of the development of minimally invasive techniques to ensure reversal, classical open surgery has remained the least used and least preferred method. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy and Ureterolithotripsy are interventions among the minimally invasive techniques.
-Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
In endoscopic kidney stone surgery, a 0.5 - 1 cm incision is made in the back region at the kidney level. makes. A thin tube, open at both ends, is inserted into the kidney under x-ray control. With the help of an optical device placed through this tube, the stone is seen on the monitor with a video system and is removed with the help of special tools. The most important advantage of percutaneous surgery is the preservation of the normal structure of body tissues. As a result, the recovery process is faster and patients go through the postoperative period much more easily than with open surgery. It is irrigating. They are usually discharged in 2 - 3 days and return to their daily activities quickly.
-How is ureterolithotripsy performed?
Ureteral stones can be cleaned by intervention with ureterorenoscopy (URS). No incision is made in URS. A special endoscopic instrument is sent through the urinary tract to visualize and clean the stone in the ureter. Most patients can return home the same day and return to their normal lives the next day.
Read: 0
