Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a therapy approach that aims to heal by identifying the emotions, thoughts and behaviors that are associated with or perpetuating the individual's psychological difficulties. The cognitive part of the approach focuses on the individual's mental processes, and the behavioral part focuses on the individual's maladaptive behaviors.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is the psychotherapy approach whose theoretical foundations and mechanisms of action have been the most researched, in other words, the most scientific research has been done on it.
In the therapy process, it is aimed to change the unhealthy thoughts and behaviors that negatively affect the daily functionality of the individual, as well as to reduce the severity of negative emotions.
CBT is not a single therapy method or approach, it aims to heal the person by incorporating more than one thought and system. There are more than 10 therapy schools classified under Cognitive Behavioral Therapies, which consist of practices and methods for many different factors such as behavioral, emotional and cognitive in relation to psychological problems in the person. These schools are grouped under three different generations according to their years of emergence.
The first generation has used learning theories in order to reduce the problems or pain in the person with the popularization of psychology since the 1950s. With the use of learning theories, they aim to improve the person by focusing and changing the problem behavior and the environmental conditions that affect this behavior.
The second generation started to emerge in the 1970s. They think that the important thing in a person's problem behaviors is the person's dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs, and they aim to heal by targeting them in therapy. They aim to enable people to accept some of the difficulties they experience and to cope with these difficulties.
The main features of three-wave behavioral therapies are er; It can be said that the importance given to the cognitive approach is focused on the here and now, flexibility, problem and learning focused, gradual progress, time limit principle and short-term treatment.
COGNITIVE FUNDAMENTALS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF BEHAVIORAL THERAPY
Cognitive behavioral therapy follows a structured method during the evaluation phase. So, there are some principles that should be in every cognitive behavioral therapy.
It has a constantly evolving formulation for the client himself and his problems. In this way, CBT helps clients to realize, evaluate and functionalize thoughts that cause problems and affect their functionality.
CBT requires a solid therapeutic relationship. In the therapy phase, establishing a trusting and collaborative relationship between the client and the therapist is crucial for the continuity and usefulness of therapy.
Also, CBT emphasizes collaboration and requires the client to be involved in the therapy process as an active participant. This principle allows the client to view therapy as a team effort and to decide together what to work on, what to do and how often to meet.
One of the most important features of CIS is that it focuses on the here and now. In other words, it aims to improve the problems of the person by focusing on the problems in their current lives, not in their past or childhood. According to the CBT approach, although it accepts the importance of the problems that the person has experienced in the past, he argues that it is more important to improve the problems that the person is experiencing now.
CBT is a treatment approach that can be applied to children, adolescents and adults (individual, couple and family). CIS; It is used in the treatment of many difficulties such as anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorder, and personality disorder.
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