Settled in the ovaries; Filled with liquid, oil or different structures; enlarges the ovary in volume; We generally call the structures that may or may not cause some symptoms in the person as ovarian cysts.
Cysts can be simply divided into two as benign and cancerous (malignant) cysts.
How to Detect. It can be done
Many women encounter ovarian cysts at certain periods of their lives. Many of these cysts, especially temporary functional cysts, may not cause serious symptoms immediately and are usually encountered during a routine gynecological examination. The diagnostic tool that helps us gynecologists the most in detecting ovarian cysts is ultrasonography. While ultrasonography helps us the most in determining the shape of the cyst and making the decision to operate, sometimes we may need MRI, CT and Tumor Markers. When we are faced with an ovarian cyst, it should not be forgotten that approximately 90% of ovarian cysts are benign ovarian tumors. For this reason, the term ovarian cyst is not a term to cause panic. However, do not forget that you should be followed up regularly in accordance with your doctor's recommendations.
Symptoms
Ovarian cysts do not cause symptoms in most cases. Sometimes even cysts that have reached very large sizes can be encountered during a routine gynecological check-up. When ovarian cysts give symptoms, this symptom depends either on the pressure it puts on the surrounding tissues depending on its size or on the hormone it secretes in hormone-secreting cysts.
Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts
-Menstrual irregularities
-Hair growth, acne
-Abdominal swelling
-Abdominal or groin pain
-Digestive system disorders (constipation, painful defecation)
-Urinary tract complaints (frequent urination)
Since none of these complaints are specific to ovarian cysts and most of the time they do not reach very disturbing levels, they are generally ignored.
The most worrying situation in ovarian cysts is the development of complications such as torsion or rupture. Rotation ("torsion") or bursting ("rupture") of cysts may cause severe pain and an acute abdomen. In these cases that cause sudden and severe abdominal pain, urgent surgery may be required.
Treatment
It varies depending on the size of the cyst, its contents, and whether it causes symptoms or not. While we generally use hormonal methods such as oral contraceptives (birth control drugs) in the treatment of simple cysts, we may face the need for surgery in complicated cysts. Operation; It is applied to relieve the patient's complaints or to differentiate between benign and malignant cysts. Ovarian cysts or any abnormal mass structure in our body; No matter how detailed examination is performed, it cannot be called benign or malignant without pathological examination. Surgery is required for definitive pathological diagnosis.
Surgical methods applied in ovarian cysts
Cystectomy: Removing only the cyst by leaving the ovarian tissue,
Oophorectomy: Removal of the ovary
TAH+ BSO: It is the process of removing the cysted ovary along with the other ovary and uterus in older patients.
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