1) Warts that may occur in genital or other parts of the body: They can be seen in both men and women. They are painless lesions that have the appearance of cauliflower, can sometimes be seen in a single area, sometimes in more than one area, and can vary in size. If left untreated, they may remain the same, disappear, or increase in number and size. These lesions are not likely to turn into cancer.
2) Cervical cancer: They usually show symptoms at an advanced stage, so regular screening (smear + HPV test) is the last option for early diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer in women. It is extremely important. Thanks to these screening tests, cellular changes that cause cervical cancer can be detected at an early stage and treated before cancer develops.
3) Other types of cancer caused by HPV: vulva, vagina, anus, head and neck cancers ( tongue, tonsils, larynx).
4) Recurrent respiratory papillomatosus: It is a disease caused by warts that recur after treatment and settle in the throat and airway, and can cause airway obstruction. Hoarseness, airway obstruction, and the risk of cancer transformation are important clinical features. The basis of treatment is surgical removal.
HPV is especially common in people who have (or have had) many sexual partners and their spouses.
HPV types are classified into 2 main groups:
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HPV 6 and 11: are low-risk HPV types and these 2 types are responsible for the majority of genital warts.
2) HPV 16 and 18 are the most common high-risk HPV types.
The frequency of occurrence in cases with cervical cancer is HPV types 16, 18, 45, 33, 31, 52, 58, 35.
Other high-risk types are; HPV types are 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 49, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 73, 82, 85.
High-risk HPV types also, more rarely, cause head and neck cancers (tongue, larynx, tonsil) and genital cancers in men and women.
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