Our teeth contain a thin nerve network that allows them to feel pain, and a vascular network that carries blood to the tooth to provide nutrition. These living tissues enter the tooth root through a hole at the tip of the root of the tooth, move through the space inside the root called the root canal, and extend to a larger space called the chamber in the part of the tooth visible in the mouth. This vascular and nerve structure is called "dental pulp", the canal at the root is called "pulp canal", and the larger space containing the pulp in the part of the tooth visible in the mouth is called "pulp chamber". It is natural for the dental pulp to feel pain in response to various stimuli. It is a behavior and a necessary reaction. For example, when something hard is bitten or hit, or when something hot or cold that pushes the limits is eaten or drank, the tooth feels pain and warns us to stay away from these potentially harmful effects. This is a defense mechanism. However, in some cases, teeth become extremely sensitive and begin to cause pain even with simple stimuli. If no intervention is made, these pains can turn into pains that paralyze our lives with pain that starts suddenly or increases especially at night and never stops. The reason why a tooth's pulp becomes so sensitive is usually a cavity in that tooth. While the decay is still shallow, it causes minor reactions on the tooth and can be cleaned and treated with a simple filling at this stage.
However, when the decay progresses and reaches the point where it causes sudden pain in the tooth, filling treatment alone is usually not sufficient.
Tooth root canal treatment is the process of removing the pulp of the tooth in order to relieve tooth pain, cleaning the spaces called pulp chamber and pulp canal from microorganisms and filling these spaces in a leak-tight manner. Thus, the factor that causes pain in the tooth, that is, the dental nerve, is eliminated.
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