BLEEDING:
- If there is excessive bleeding anywhere in the body, it is vital to stop it as soon as possible.
- Carefully clean the bleeding area and its surroundings and determine exactly where the bleeding focus is. Try to understand.
- Cover the wound completely with a bandage or a clean cloth and apply pressure on the bleeding area with your hand.
- Lift the arm or leg up and above the heart level and blood flow Try to calm the flow.
- While doing this, make sure that there is no suspicion of fracture in the arm or leg you lift.
- Apply a tampon by pressing on the wound area with a bandage or a clean cloth. This should cover the wound completely. Carefully apply pressure over the wound by pressing. Then wrap it well with a bandage.
- If it is seen that the bleeding still does not stop, wrap a thicker tampon thoroughly over the same bandage. Make sure that this is on the bleeding focus and in a way that applies more or less pressure.
- If the bleeding does not stop despite this, apply pressure with your hand on the main artery behind the bleeding area, close to the body, and reduce the blood flow.
- Do not apply direct pressure to the main artery for more than 19 minutes and do not tie any tight tourniquet or ligature on the vein.
- Send the patient to a healthcare institution immediately by placing the patient in a position with the legs above the body.
MINOR SKIN INJURIES AND BLEEDING:
- If there is dirt, dirt, dust or soil on the wound, clean it first; If possible, wash with clean and plenty of water. Cover it temporarily with a clean bandage or rag. Stop the bleeding by applying pressure with your hand on the wound site for a while. Then dry and clean the wound thoroughly with a clean piece of cotton. If there are clots formed by the blood coming out, do not remove them; These are formations that help stop bleeding.
- Clean the wound and its surroundings thoroughly with Betadine solution. This will help prevent the wound from getting infected.
- Cover the wound completely with a band-aid, if available. If the wound area is large, cover the wound area completely with a sterile gauze and wrap it with a bandage.
- Then, keep it in order until the wound heals. Apply dressing accordingly. If there is anything in the wound that worries you, consult your doctor immediately.
FRACTURES:
Where there is a suspicion of fracture; Pain, swelling, sensitivity, deformity, dysfunction, movement abnormality (movement that should not be there) may be observed.
What to do:
- Always check for bleeding first. If there is bleeding, first control the bleeding and bandage the wound.
- Do not allow movement of the broken area. Never try to correct any deformity you see.
- Support the arm or leg with a splint to prevent movement of the broken area. While doing this, always be sure to apply a splint that includes the joint above the fracture site. Not allowing movement of the joint will allow the fracture site to be fixed thoroughly.
SPINAL AND NECK FRACTURES:
Spinal fractures should always be evaluated very seriously and carefully, as they can cause spinal cord injuries and paralysis.
- Calm the patient and ensure that he/she does not move at all. Clothes, coats, etc. should be placed around his body to prevent him from moving. Support him/her with things.
- Support his neck and head very carefully, without moving him at all.
- Seek emergency medical help immediately.
FAINKING:
- Lay a fainting person on his back on the ground, lift his legs up and allow him to breathe easily. Check respiratory rate and pulse.
- Assess response status. If there is an abnormal situation, seek medical help immediately.
- Continue your control until the patient regains consciousness.
- Wait for the patient to recover in a short time (5-10 minutes). If he does not, seek medical help immediately.
- If the patient starts to regain consciousness, calm him down and slowly bring him to a sitting position.
- Check whether any part of him was injured when he fell.
BURNS:
- The location of the burn and the burn area are important.
- As the area of the burn increases, the possibility of shock increases. Burns covering more than 15% of the body surface can pose a risk of death.
- The burn area is a serious risk for infections. It causes burns.
- Burns that are larger than 2-3cm in diameter and go down to the skin and electrical burns must be treated in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor.
- The burn area should be cleaned and cooled immediately after the incident. It should be kept with water, if possible under the tap, for 5-10 minutes.
- Substances such as oil, cream, toothpaste, cologne, powder should never be applied to the burn area.
- If there is liquid on the burn area, If small filled vesicles have formed, they should never be touched or burst.
- Rings, watches, etc. should not be worn as swelling may occur in fingers and hands due to burns. Materials such as these should be removed.
- It should definitely not be forgotten that the burn area carries a serious risk of infection.
- Clean the burn area and its surroundings with Betadine solution.
- Clean a clean area. Cover the burn area completely with a bandage. Never use cotton.
- It is necessary to protect the burn area from pressure and friction. For this reason, do not apply a very tight bandage on the burn area.
- Immediately consult a health institution for burn dressing.
INSECT STINGS:
- The area where the insect stings should never be itched. Swelling should be reduced by applying ice or a cold compress to it.
- If the place where the insect stings is in the oral cavity (tongue, throat), the swelling and reaction that may occur may pose a danger of suffocation. For this reason, it would be appropriate to consult a physician immediately.
FOREIGN BODY IN THE EYE:
- In cases where the eye is irritated, the eye should be washed thoroughly with clean and abundant water.
- While doing this, It would be appropriate not to touch or rub the eyes with hands.
- A sterile gauze should be closed to cover the eye and its surroundings thoroughly. While doing this, be careful not to put pressure on the eye with the tampon you apply.
- If you have a suspicious condition or excessive eye irritation, consult your doctor immediately
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