Bipolar disorder is a chronic disease that progresses with recurrent depressive episodes, manic episodes, or mixed episodes including both, and in which the person can return to a completely healthy mood between these episodes.
The common feature of emotional experience in manic and depressive periods. It means that the person's emotional state is different from the normal course and shows continuity. This difference is in the form of an increase in dysphoria in the depressive period and euphoria in the manic period.
The lifetime risk of bipolar disorder is between 0.5-1.5%. Bipolar disorder is often seen at an early age. In 20-30% of patients, the first attack begins before the age of 21. In 10% of patients, the first attack occurs after the age of 50. Mood disorders are more common under the age of 40.
The risk increases in those with a positive family history and those who are divorced.
Manic attack: An unusual episode lasting at least a week (any period if hospitalization is required). to a period of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood; It is a picture in which exaggerated increase in self-esteem and grandiosity is observed, the need for sleep decreases, there is being more talkative than usual, flight of ideas is observed, there is an increase in goal-oriented activity and frequent participation in activities that are likely to cause harm. This situation is intense enough to harm professional and social activities. It is severe enough to require hospitalization to prevent the patient from harming himself or others. It may show psychotic features.
Hypomania: It is manifested by a period of elevated, exuberant or irritable mood that is different from the usual non-depressive mood for at least four days. Increased self-esteem and grandiosity are seen. The need for sleep decreases. He is more talkative than usual. Flight of ideas can be seen. There is an increase in purposeful activity and frequent participation in activities that are likely to cause harm, but this is not so intense that it harms professional and social activities. It is not severe enough to require hospitalization to prevent the patient from harming himself or others. Psychotic features are not observed.
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