Cardiac rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program that aims to help people with cardiovascular disease reach the optimal level physically, socially, emotionally and professionally as their current disease allows. Cardiac rehabilitation programs have become increasingly important today, as it has been shown that cardiac rehabilitation programs have positive effects on cardiovascular risk factors, disease progression, and mortality and morbidity
Situations Where Cardiac Rehabilitation is Required
<Cardiac rehabilitation is multidisciplinary It is a program and must be carried out by a team. The team includes a physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist, a cardiologist, a physician who monitors the patient from a cardiac perspective, a physiotherapist and nurse who is trained and experienced in cardiac rehabilitation, a psychiatrist and/or psychologist, a dietitian, a social worker and an occupational therapist. The patient who will be included in the cardiac rehabilitation program must first be evaluated, examined and tested in terms of suitability.
The steps of rehabilitation can be arranged to suit each patient, but there are some contraindications and risk factors for the intensive rehabilitation program. Uncontrollable chest pain (unstable angina), hypertension that cannot be controlled with medication, significant drop in systolic blood pressure during exercise, moderate to severe aortic valve stenosis, acute systemic disease or fever, uncontrolled atrial or ventricular arrhythmias, uncontrolled Problems such as irreversible tachycardia, heart failure, active pericarditis or myocarditis, and new embolism pose an obstacle to the classical rehabilitation program that requires active exercise. Simple exercise programs are determined for these types of patients to protect them from the negative effects of immobilization. If the contraindicated condition can be treated, the patient is included in the active rehabilitation program again after the treatment.
After it is decided that the patient is a suitable candidate for cardiac rehabilitation, a more detailed evaluation is required to know his limitations and existing problems and to determine the expectations and requirements for his life. This evaluation includes the patient's functional and physical capacity, heart functions, respiratory functions, movement system, other existing diseases, patient's complaints, existing risk factors for heart disease, body composition analysis and risk analysis. The rehabilitation program is determined according to the patient's clinical condition, risk factors and the patient's needs.
All cardiac rehabilitation programs include an exercise program in order to increase the patient's functional capacity and physical condition, and education of the patient and his family on lifestyle changes by reducing risk factors. covers. Reducing risk factors should include quitting smoking, regulating increased blood pressure and blood lipids, regular aerobic conditioning program, implementation of a low-fat diet, and methods of coping with stress. At this stage, help is received from a psychologist and dietitian as well as a physician. Since the patient is a member of the rehabilitation team and the rehabilitation process includes lifestyle changes, it is important to educate the patient and learn the goals of rehabilitation.
As a result, in people with cardiac disease, modern medicine, the patient's Instead of isolating, withdrawing from social life, or restricting activity, it enables the patient to participate in life, increase his activity level, and prolong his life with a better quality of life with carefully designed exercise programs and accompanying support programs. In our country, it is important to raise awareness of cardiac patients on this issue and to ensure that they are directed to appropriate centers for cardiac rehabilitation.
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