It is the most common skin problem, popularly known as acne. It is seen in 85% of cases during adolescence, and is even considered an early symptom of this period. However, it can also be seen in women between the ages of 20-30 and beyond, due to hormonal reasons. Acne is an inflammatory disease of the hair and fat unit of the skin. Many factors are responsible for the formation of acne. The sebaceous glands in our skin are under the influence of the male hormone called androgen, which is also present in some women. During adolescence, the secretion of the sebaceous glands increases due to this hormone. The oil called sebum travels through the hair follicle and reaches the surface of the skin. However, in people with acne, the sebum remains in the follicle because a plug has formed at the end of the follicle.
Factors in acne formation:
- Changes inside the hair follicle and formation of the plug,
- Increase in sebum secretion,
- Increase in bacteria called Propionibacterium acnes,
- Inflammation,
- In clinical examinations of patients, black spots called comedones and millimetric blisters in skin color, red papules, purulent pustules and large abscessed cysts. Lesions are usually seen on the face, neck, back, upper arms and shoulders, where the sebaceous glands are more dense.
- It is necessary to examine female patients who have complaints such as irregular menstruation and hair growth if systemic medications are required in the treatment. Other than this, no other examination may be needed.
What are the triggering factors?
- Premenstrual exacerbations,
- Occupational factors; contact with heavy oils,
- Tight clothing and friction,
- Use of cosmetics; Use of oily creams, heavy powder and foundation,
- Not paying attention to hygiene or excessive irritation,
- Some medications: Steroids, lithium, epilepsy drugs…
- Genetic history ,
- Foods; Although there are many studies on this subject, there are not yet enough studies showing that reducing the glycemic load improves acne lesions. However, if aggravation is noticed after consuming certain foods, it is recommended to avoid these foods.
Patients mostly respond to simple treatments. Sometimes, longer-term treatments may be needed.
Being a chronic disease and one of the most common diseases that cause psychosocial problems during adolescence, treatment is recommended to prevent the formation of scars and stains.
Treatment options include appropriate antibacterial, drying agents. There are creams and lotions with exfoliating and anti-inflammatory properties. In some cases, oral antibiotics and systemic retinoic acids can be used.
Peelings, masks, and various laser applications may also be recommended to support medical treatment.
Read: 0
