Today, dear readers, there is no definitive treatment for type I or type II diabetes anywhere in the world. The aim of treatment is to control the disease by keeping blood sugar at normal levels as much as possible. In this way, it is tried to prevent the patient from being harmed by diabetes in his future life. If you have diabetes, how will you achieve this control? Here are the treatment tips for you. First of all, consume healthy foods. Follow your diet regularly, if you are obese, reach and maintain your ideal weight. Maintain your daily activity and do not forget to exercise. Keep your blood sugar under control. Your fasting blood sugar should be between 80-120 during the day and 100-140 during sleep. If you have been able to overcome and control your disease, measuring your sugar once a day is enough. If you cannot cope with your blood sugar, if things are not going well, then you will measure your fasting sugar every insulin time. Sometimes measuring your fasting blood sugar will not be enough and you will also need to measure your postprandial sugar. When the disease first begins, the patient often goes through a honeymoon period. During the honeymoon period, there is little or no daily insulin need. If the treatment is taken seriously, everything will be fine. If you do not take your treatment seriously, then your disease will not take you seriously at all.
The main medicine for type I diabetes is insulin. There are different types of insulin. These are short-acting insulin, intermediate-acting insulin and long-acting insulin. Your doctor will determine the type of insulin you will use. How is insulin used as a medicine? How is it applied? Your doctor and the nurse in your diabetes team will teach you these. Insulin is used in the form of a needle and is injected under the skin. Subcutaneous injections are made in the arm (the upper outer part is suitable for injection), the leg (the thigh part is suitable for insulin injection), and the belly. A needle and a syringe are required to inject the medicine. Today, insulin pens, which resemble fountain pens, are very practical and easy to use. So much so that the patient does not have to carry many syringes and also bottles of insulin medication. Your doctor will determine how many times a day you will use insulin, what dose you will use, and what type of insulin you will use. . Insulin is also administered via an insulin pump. A small electronic device, such as a mobile phone, is placed outside the body and an insulin tank is placed inside. The device is placed under the skin with a thin catheter. The device is programmed. While it can deliver the basal insulin you need throughout the day at a constant rate (long-acting insulin), when you enter the calories you will consume before meals into the device, the system automatically calculates the dose you need and injects you with this dose of short-acting insulin. The latest insulin injection method is the automatic pump called artificial pancreas. With this system, instant blood sugar is measured and insulin need is determined according to the result and given to the body.
There are also treatment models that have not yet become widespread in the treatment of type I diabetes and are still being studied. Some of these forms of treatment have been implemented, but they are not widespread enough. One of these is pancreas transplant. With a successful pancreas transplant, you no longer need insulin, but the transplant may not always be successful. Pancreas transplantation can sometimes bring about very serious risks, for example, long-term or even lifelong immune system suppression may be required to prevent the body from rejecting the transplanted pancreas. Since these drugs cause the body's resistance to break down, the person becomes vulnerable to infections. For this reason, pancreas transplantation is considered for diabetics whose blood sugar cannot be controlled despite everything. Another transplant is pancreatic islet cell transplant. I mentioned in my previous articles that islet cells are cells that secrete insulin from the pancreas. When the healthy insulin-producing islet cells of the donor are transplanted to the patient, they begin to produce insulin and the patient gets rid of diabetes, but this method is not yet used as a routine treatment model because there is a possibility of tissue rejection reaction. In this case, it is necessary to use drugs that suppress the immune system intensively.
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