Toilet training is a part of the preschool period. When all goes well, children learn bladder and bowel control. Toilet training is an important area where the parent-child relationship and temperament harmony emerge and affects character development.
Parents of preschool children all have different ideas and questions about toilet training. In this section, two different methods used in toilet training, the do's and don'ts of toilet training, and enuresis and encopresis, two disorders that occur when toilet training does not occur or is not continued in the preschool period, will be discussed.
From the child's perspective, that day will be discussed. What is done so easily will be stopped and will require more work and more effort than doing it in a diaper. Parents and families who have lived in different times and cultures use different methods in toilet training. Some parents think that as soon as their child learns to sit, they can sit him on the potty and control his bladder, but a 9-month-old child cannot do this. The majority of parents think that the child's interest should begin before starting education (until approximately 2.5 years of age), but unfortunately families do not have proven information or methods. They either apply the methods their parents use or hear from their friends.
Methods
1.Child-focused approach: The child-focused method is effective and basically avoids the parent being in control. It is a method. According to this approach, toilet training should be given to children when the first step comes from them wanting to go to the toilet. If parents make a sudden entrance before the child does, the child may develop opposing reactions to toilet training. Brazelton advises parents to toilet train their children in a calm manner, without being oppressive, from the moment the child becomes interested in the toilet between the ages of 18 and 30 months. It is suggested that he can use the potty if he needs to. The child continues his education at his own pace. He can sit on the potty with or without a diaper, without wearing pants around him. He can walk around the island, pull down his own trousers and use the potty. The child's successful steps are rewarded.
2. One-day toilet training: It is behavioral. It is a method based on the principles of modeling and operant conditioning. A child who is 20 months old is placed in a place where he cannot be disturbed, and a bed-wetting doll is shown how to use the potty. The child is encouraged to drink anything freely, and when he needs to go potty, he takes off his pants and starts to pee. The instructor gives social praise to the child. If the child leaks his pants, he is scolded, punished and told that his pants need to be changed. It can lead to negative emotional consequences when overreacting when making a mistake.
This method is more effective than the child-focused approach and is also effective in children with rapid developmental delays, but this method causes some children to react adversely and become angry.
Do's and Don'ts of Toilet Training
A method combining Brazelton's child-focused approach with the reinforcements of Foxx and Azrin is recommended to clients. When minor accidents occur, it is recommended to gently express disappointment and tell them what to expect next time. If the child responds to toilet training efforts with withdrawal or oppositional behavior, toilet training should be suspended for a while. Education should start early (at the age of 12-15 months) for children who have a family history of bedwetting. Early efforts will reduce the likelihood of the child wetting the bed. Timely positive reinforcement and toilet training that includes mild disapproval of failure will help children to hold their toilet. must be equipped with the necessary physical features. After all this passes, wait a few more months. Because children may be interested in the toilet before they are fully ready for toilet training. Generally, children are ready for toilet training at the age of two or two and a half.
2-Allow the child to walk around without diapers during toilet training.
3-It is good for the child for his efforts. Reward with a sentence of understated praise or a small reinforcement (a nice sticker, candy or chocolate).
4-Give a gentle warning in case of minor accidents: 'I don't like it when you pee on the floor'.
5-Have a convincing conversation with your child that he can go to the toilet on his own like a big child.
6-Create opportunities for your child to model. Model models motivate the child and make it easier for him to learn.
Things Not to Do in Toilet Training
1-When your child needs the toilet, do not take him to the toilet in a hurry, otherwise he will associate the toilet with rushing.
2 -Do not blame or embarrass your child if he accidentally loses his diaper or has a diaper on.
3-If there is a control struggle between you and your child at that time, do not start training.
4-Instruct your child to go to the toilet at night. Don't wake him up from his sleep. You are not teaching him to wake up.
5-Do not start toilet training in a period that may cause stress (parents' divorce, hospitalization of one of the parents, starting school, moving to a new house, birth of a sibling).
6-Other. Do not start while completing a developmental task (such as walking).
7-Do not forget that it is a long and slow process. Some children may ask for help in wiping their bottoms, even if they are five years old.
8- Approach the situation realistically, respect your child's needs, do not engage in a struggle for control.
It should not be forgotten that toilet habits require a certain level of maturity. occurs as a result. This habit cannot be learned without sufficient mental and physical development.
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