Gingival recession is a common gum disease in society. Gingival recession occurs as a result of various factors, when the gum recedes from its anatomical position at the tooth's enamel-cement level towards a more apical (root tip) and the root surface of the tooth is opened to the oral environment. The main causes of gingival recession are tartar, plaque, gingivitis, which occurs as a result of inadequate oral hygiene, improper tooth brushing in a horizontal and harsh manner, piercings in the tongue and lip area, parafunctional habits such as nail biting and teeth clenching, trauma, thin phenotype (appearance). /structure) gingiva, the thinness of the bone on the buccal (front/cheek) surface of the tooth and the recessions seen as a result of advancing age can be given as examples. Patients with receding gums apply to the dentist with complaints such as aesthetic problems, sensitivity to hot and cold, mobility (shaking) of the teeth, inability to provide adequate hygiene in the receding area, discomfort in brushing, root caries and fear of losing teeth. If gingival recession is not treated in time, the recession may progress further, causing aggravation of hot and cold sensitivity, increased loosening of the teeth, and ultimately tooth loss. Treatment of gingival recession is done surgically. However, if treatment is delayed, the root surface may not close completely. As a treatment method, procedures are performed to cover the root surface or, in advanced cases where the root surface cannot be covered, to stop the recession by increasing the gingival thickness. In root surface closure procedures, BDG (Connective Tissue Graft) + STEPPED FLAPS (Coronaally Positioned Flap, Modified Coronally Positioned Flap, Laterally Positioned Flap) and BDG (Connective Tissue Graft + TUNEL (Vestibular Incision Tunnel Technique, Lateral Closed Tunnel Technique) methods are used. Only In the treatment that aims to stop the recession by thickening the gum, the HDG (Free Gum Graft) procedure is applied. Surgical procedures are performed under local anesthesia and the patient does not feel any pain. In the surgery to cover the recession, a tooth is removed from the inner part of the upper jaw palate area and is of appropriate size to the area of the tooth that is receding (average: 2 A piece of gum (-2.5 cm) is removed and transferred to the problematic area through stitches. While this gum is transferred to the recipient area, the epithelial layer on the upper surface of the tissue is removed. A thin gingival graft is obtained by peeling the gum tissue and placing it on the root surface of the recipient area with the help of various incisions in the recipient area, and the existing gum in the area is pulled over this connective tissue and stitched. Stitches are applied to both the donor area and the recipient area. In the SDG procedure, which aims to stop the recession, as in other surgeries, a piece of gum is removed from the inner part of the upper palate in accordance with the area of recession, but the upper epithelial layer is not peeled off. After appropriate incisions are made in the recipient area, this piece of gum is stitched to the surrounding gum on the root surface and left to heal with the tissue uncovered. However, to avoid pain in the recipient area after the procedure, a protective paste is placed in that area. This paste protects the area until the stitches are removed. In this procedure, stitches are applied to both the recipient and donor areas. Both processes take an average of 1-1.5 hours. The patient is prescribed antibiotics, painkillers and mouthwash after the procedure. Eating and drinking can be done 2 hours after surgery. These procedures do not adversely affect the patient's speech and social life. Hard, spicy and hot foods are prohibited in the first week. Tooth brushing is stopped for a short time. After approximately 2 weeks, the stitches are removed and the protective paste, if any, is removed. If the patient follows the instructions, he or she will have a painless and trouble-free treatment process. Healing occurs on average within 1 month. In root surface closure procedures, the root surface is closed and the treatment is completed with an aesthetic gum appearance.
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