Are babies born by Caesarean section more allergic? Could you tell us about the relationship between birth and allergy?
Yes, although the results of studies about allergic diseases that may develop in the future due to Caesarean section are contradictory, recent studies have found that asthma is more common in children born by Caesarean section. It is important for birth to occur naturally in the formation of microbiota, which has been found to play an important role in the development of allergic diseases in recent years. During normal birth, babies are exposed to microbes in the mother's birth canal, and these microbes play an important role in the formation of the microbiota in the baby's gastrointestinal tract and skin. Since there is no exposure to these beneficial microbes during cesarean birth, immune system development is affected and may cause the development of allergic diseases such as asthma in the future. GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma), the international asthma guideline, emphasizes that normal birth should be encouraged in the prevention of asthma.
Are breastfed babies less allergic?
Because breast milk has positive effects on health and is the most suitable food for the baby, all babies are at least 6 months old. should receive breast milk for months, ideally for 2 years. Studies have found that children fed with ready-made formula derived from cow's milk or soy protein have higher rates of asthma/wheezing than children fed with breast milk. Similar results have been shown in studies for food allergy (peanut), atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis. In our national asthma diagnosis and treatment guide, it is recommended that babies be fed only breast milk for the first 4-6 months for the primary protection of asthma.
Can you explain the effect of genetic factors on allergy?
Allergic diseases occur under the influence of both genetic and environmental factors. If one of the parents is allergic, the probability of their child having an allergic disease is 20-30%, while if both parents are allergic, this rate increases to 50-60%. If one of the identical twins has an allergic disease, the probability of the other having an allergic disease is 77%. In fraternal twins, this frequency is 15%.
Have children ever been exposed to allergens? should not be mentioned? (Wedgrass, cat, etc.)
If the child's allergy is detected by skin tests and the child has complaints (cough, runny nose, rash, etc.) when in contact with the substance to which he is allergic, this allergen should be avoided. While doing this is easy for food and drug allergies, it is difficult for airborne allergens (house dust mite, pollen, mold, animal epithelium). But the first rule in the treatment of allergic diseases is; is to stay away from the allergen to which you are allergic. Therefore, allergens should be avoided as much as possible.
In which cases should food be stopped in case of food allergies?
Food allergies are unwanted, abnormal immunological reactions that occur after ingesting any food. Foods cause many allergic diseases. If it is definitely determined that there is a food allergy, the suspicious food should not be consumed.
What is allergic shock? What should be done at that time?
Allergic shock (anaphylaxis); It is a life-threatening serious systemic allergic reaction. Another definition is a serious allergic reaction that starts suddenly and can lead to death. Many factors can cause anaphylaxis. The most common cause in childhood is food. While the most common foods that cause it in our country are milk and eggs, in America it is peanuts. Although every food other than these causes anaphylaxis, nuts, sesame, fish and shellfish are foods that frequently cause anaphylaxis.
Drugs are the most common cause of anaphylaxis in adults. Especially penicillin-derived drugs and anesthesia drugs cause anaphylaxis. As with foods, any medication can cause anaphylaxis.
Other common causes of anaphylaxis o; bee stings, vaccines, allergens, hormones, latex.
In anaphylaxis, sudden onset of skin and mucosa findings (itching, hives, angioedema), respiratory system (cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, bruising, lack of oxygen), cardiovascular system (low blood pressure, fainting), One of the symptoms of the neurological system (weakness (hypotonia), fainting, urinary incontinence) and the gastrointestinal system (cramp-like abdominal pain, vomiting) must be present.
In case of anaphylaxis, help should be sought immediately (if there is someone nearby, call 112). � �). The child is laid on his back and his feet are lifted up. If the patient has available, ready-to-use autoinjectors (PENEPIN) containing adrenaline should be administered to the child. If available, allergy syrup and cortisone medications may be given. While doing all this, if there is a health center nearby, you should go there as soon as possible. Subsequent treatments should be performed in a health institution.
Does childhood asthma continue into adulthood?
The majority of children with childhood asthma regress in their adolescence or 20s. Asthma remission is more common, especially in men and children with mild disease severity.
But it is more likely that asthma will continue in those with the following characteristics.
Female gender
Those with severe asthma
Those with a family history of asthma
Those with other accompanying allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, food allergy)
Those with sensitivity in skin tests
Those with bronchial hypersensitivity
Those with abnormal respiratory function tests
p>Smoking and exposure to smoke
Those who had lower respiratory tract infection (pneumonia) in early childhood
Approximately 1/4 of children whose asthma regresses may develop asthma again in the future. Regular doctor follow-up is important in asthma, as in all chronic diseases.
What is the solution for allergies accompanied by cough attacks? Until what age do these attacks continue?
As I mentioned above, asthma is a disease characterized by recurrent attacks of cough, wheezing, chest tightness and shortness of breath. In these cases, breathing medications and, if necessary, cortisone drugs are used for the patient.
Apart from this, there is also a type of asthma that only causes cough without shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness.
Are air-delivered drugs innocent?
Air-delivered drugs are in 2 parts.
These are breath-opening (ventolin, etc.) and controlling drugs (cortisone drugs).
These are They do not have any significant side effects when used appropriately and in appropriate doses, as recommended by a doctor. However, like all drugs, they can have side effects when used in high doses and inappropriately.
Is there an age limit for allergy testing?
Allergy tests can be applied at any age. There is no lower age limit. However, the allergens to be selected vary depending on the disease, age and history of the patient.
Should the test be repeated at certain periods?
Allergy tests do not need to be repeated routinely at regular intervals. However, it can be repeated if there is suspicion of new allergy development. In addition, if allergic complaints continue in children before the age of 3 or 5 and no allergy has been detected, it can be repeated after the age of 5.
What should be considered about cortisone in allergy medications?
Cortisone medications are among the most effective drugs in the treatment of allergic diseases. These drugs vary in strength. Cortisone medications used vary depending on the disease. Cortisone mouth sprays are used in asthma, cortisone nasal sprays in allergic rhinitis, and cortisone creams/ointments in atopic dermatitis. While using all these drug forms, strong cortisone types should be avoided as much as possible. Cortisone-related side effects (such as skin atrophy, skin lines, vascular dilation, acne, osteoporosis, cataract, glaucoma, growth retardation, suppression of the adrenal axis, hypertension, ulcer, diabetes) may occur as a result of inappropriate use of these drugs in high doses. p>
Are there anything else you'd like to add? What are your general suggestions to parents?
From time to time, families can overwhelm their children's lives with prohibitions, such as going out, running, doing sports, etc. They can also make life difficult for their children, based on their own fears... What is about this? What do you recommend?
We do not prohibit children with asthma from doing sports. Swimming is especially recommended. However, some children with asthma may experience asthma symptoms due to chlorine in pools. This should be noted.
The place where the child exercises is important depending on his allergies. A child with house dust mite sensitivity It may be harmful to exercise in indoor gyms that are not cleaned properly. It is better for children who do sports in such a place and subsequently have shortness of breath, cough, wheezing and nasal complaints to do sports in more suitable environments. Likewise, it may be unsafe for a child with pollen allergy to do sports outside in spring when pollen is heavily dispersed.
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