They are warts formed by human papova viruses in the external genital area, especially on the outer lips and the lower back part of the vagina entrance, which we call the posterior furchet. These viruses are usually transmitted sexually and settle in the moist genital area. The incubation period is 3 months. In other words, warts appear 3 months after infection. They initially appear singly and, if neglected, coalesce into large lesions up to several centimeters in diameter. Those occurring in the vaginal and cervical (cervix) regions are more common than those occurring in the labial (lip) region. Most cervical and vaginal warts are flat lesions that can only be seen with a lighted, magnifying device called colposcopy. There are 40 types of HPV. Visible genital warts are caused by HPV type 6 and HPV type 11. The causes of flat types that cause cancer in the cervix are HPV type 16, HPV type 18 and HPV type 31, and these can only be seen with colposcopy. When flat and atypical-looking warts are seen on the cervix, a biopsy must be taken to eliminate the suspicion of cervical cancer. This procedure is performed by colposcopy or by a bloodless and stitchless operation called loop (leep) operation. It is necessary to take PAP smear very frequently in HPV types 16, 18 and 31 positive patients.
Genital Wart Treatment: Small and medium-sized wart lesions can be destroyed by 1) freezing with cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide).2) Electroplating Cautery (electric cautery) is another treatment method. Very large ones can be removed with a minor surgical intervention.
These drugs are not used in pregnant women. Only freezing (cryotherapy) treatment can be performed on pregnant women. The recurrence rate of up to 20% after treatment is not due to the failure of the treatment, but to the subsequent appearance of hidden warts in adjacent tissues that were not seen during treatment. For this, it may be necessary to repeat the treatment after 3 months.
HPV vaccine - when and to whom should the cervical cancer or genital warts vaccine be administered?
Cervical cancer vaccine (HPV Vaccine)
1- It can be performed on any female or male between the ages of 9 and 26. It provides 100% protection when done at these ages.
2-Apart from this, women with frequently recurring cervical wounds or HPV positive up to the age of 45: (for cross-protection from other types) They can get these vaccines.
3- Additionally, women who have sexual intercourse with multiple partners can get these vaccines until the age of 45.
4- In the last 20 years, there has been a 5-fold increase in oro-pharyngeal (mouth and pharynx) cancers. There are publications in favor of vaccination for both genders up to the age of 45 due to its incidence (related to oral sex).
5- Due to the frequent occurrence of rectum cancers and anomaly rectal warts in gays (homosexuals), people in this group should also be vaccinated. It is recommended.
HPV vaccine is of 2 types in our country. double vaccine; Protects from 16 and 18. quadruple vaccine; Protects from 6, 11, 16 and 18. The vaccination schedule is as follows: 30 days after the first vaccination (subcutaneous), the second vaccination is given, and 5 months later, the third (last) vaccination is given.
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