Parathyroid transplantation is an organ transplantation procedure, but since the size of the parathyroid glands is small, the transplantation process has some unique differences. There are two basic techniques in parathyroid transplantation:
The tissue is transplanted in its original state without damaging the anatomical structure. This is called tissue type transplantation.
The tissue is broken down into its cells using a suitable method and transplanted by placing it in a special liquid. This is called cell type transplantation.
Who Can Get a Parathyroid Transplant?
Parathyroid transplant is only performed on people diagnosed with "permanent hypoparathyroidism". Permanent hypoparathyroidism is a condition in which parathormone (PTH) and calcium levels in the blood are low for at least six months, resulting in complaints (muscle contraction, inability to move, tremors, weakness, exhaustion, etc.).
What is the Relationship Between Thyroid (Goiter) Surgery and Parathyroid Transplantation?
Thyroid (goiter) surgery in the world and in Turkey It is the most commonly performed gland (endocrine) surgery. The thyroid gland is a very bloody organ, and since this organ is very close to serious anatomical structures (vocal nerves, parathyroid glands, carotid artery), goiter surgery is a serious and difficult surgery category and requires careful and careful work during the surgery. Since the parathyroid glands are behind the thyroid gland, attached to it, and are very small, they can be removed or damaged unnoticed during thyroid surgery.
Who Can Be a Parathyroid Donor?
Three groups of people can be parathyroid donors:
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Persons who have brain death and have donated organs and who have no health problems (infectious disease, cancer, etc.) that prevent organ donation. These are also called cadaveric donors.
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People who have severe parathyroid hyperplasia that requires surgery due to kidney failure and who have no health problems (infectious disease, cancer, etc.) that prevent organ donation. p>
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People who have the appropriate blood and tissue group and do not have any health problems (infectious disease, cancer, etc.).
Donor Herha Will there be any harm to the patient?
This is not the case for people who have experienced brain death. As for hyperplasia cases due to renal failure; These patients do not benefit from surgery, but rather benefit from it. Because in these patients, the parathyroid glands work very hard and as a result, bone loss and calcification occur in the vessels. With surgery, all these problems are either reduced or completely eliminated.
How is Parathyroid Transplantation Performed? Can You Explain the Process?
These tissues or cells are given to the patient in two basic ways; Intramuscular injection and injection into the omentum:
1-Intramuscular injection technique:We all remember the vaccines given to our arms in childhood. This is exactly the intramuscular injection technique. Parathyroid cells previously taken from the donor are prepared for transplantation under special laboratory conditions, drawn into a standard syringe in 2ml of a special liquid and injected into the patient's arm muscles. This application is performed at the patient's bedside and takes only a few seconds.
2-Omentum injection technique: Again, parathyroid cells previously obtained from the donor are transplanted under special laboratory conditions. They are prepared for the treatment and this time they are placed in approximately 20 ml of special liquid and transplanted into the omentum tissue.
What should the patient pay attention to after the transplant?
After the transplant, the patient stays in the hospital for two days. and intravenous cortisone is administered during these days. On the morning of the third day, intravenous cortisone administration is stopped and the patient is discharged. There is no special diet in this process and no restrictions are made except that the patient does not overexert himself. It may take several months for the transplanted cells to function and for the patient to recover from medications. Therefore, the patient is followed up with blood tests every 10 days in the post-transplant period. Medications used before transplantation are stopped gradually and gradually.
Can a Person Be Transplanted More Than Once?
Yes , can be done. The first transplant was both successful and Whether the cells lose their functionality over the years or the first transplant fails, these patients can be transplanted again.
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