Acne

As many factors are responsible for acne formation, it is considered a multifactorial condition. These factors include hormonal factors (adolescence, ovarian and adrenal gland hormone diseases, etc.), genetic factors, structural factors (skin type), personal factors (cleaning and cosmetic care habits), environmental factors (sun, climatic conditions, altitude above sea level). , humidity, environmental pollution due to industrial wastes, etc.), dietary habits (fast food, excessive consumption of high-glycemic index carbohydrates and cow's milk, etc.).

Acne elements are divided into two:

1 - Non-inflammatory elements: Open and closed blackheads.

2 - Inflamed elements: raised from the skin, reddened Headed (pustule) or headless (papule) elements, deep inflammatory elements (nodules and cysts) under the skin that are not noticeable on the surface, palpable by touch. A dermatologist should be consulted in the initial symptoms such as a change in odor on the scalp, slight black spots on the face, and recommendations should be taken after the examination and determination of severity. The simplest things to do can be listed as follows:

From the onset of puberty ;

• Cleaning the skin regularly in the morning or evening with cleansers suitable for skin type.

• Moisturizing the skin with oil-free medical cosmetic moisturizers that will protect the oil / moisture balance and will not cause pore clogging, avoiding regular daily concealer make-up (powder, foundation and camofulage).

• Avoiding hair styles that cover the face and regular daily use of heavy styling products.

• Make-up must be removed before sleep.

• Avoiding intense sunbathing.

• To give importance to regular daily consumption of plenty of water, which is vital for skin health.

In the early period, this simple If the severity of acne increases and reaches a medical level, even though we take the precautions with the consultation of a dermatologist and apply them to the letter, the first place we will apply should be a dermatologist. The treatment to be arranged by our dermatologist will vary according to the severity of the problem (mild, moderate, severe), patient characteristics (age, gender, lifestyle, compliance with treatment, character traits and preference) and season. Classical skin care, physical and chemical peeling, which is applied in sessions under the supervision of a dermatologist in clinical conditions, can sometimes be sufficient alone, or sometimes it can be added to prescription medical treatment. Mild to moderate acne is treated externally, and moderate and severe acne is treated externally and orally.

The well-known mistakes in acne can be summarized as follows:

• The more I wash my face, the faster I will heal. (overclean On the contrary, it causes irritation and eczema by disrupting the oil-moisture balance. PCO = ovulation irregularity), in both male and female adolescents and young adults, may indicate adrenal gland hormone problems, not related to the liver.

• If I sunbathe constantly, my acne will dry out: A little sunbathing can have a drying effect, on the contrary, excessive sunbathing increases blackheads and acne with its occlusive effect.

• Scrubbing is good for my acne: On the contrary, in patients with intense inflammatory elements, peeling and similar physical applications cause acne to spread.

• If I squeeze my pimples, I will heal more easily: Trying to empty an immature, unpaved pimple causes the inflammation to increase and spread. Mature inflamed elements should also be drained with special techniques only if the dermatologist deems it necessary. :

The most important period, which we call the golden age of women, is pregnancy and the postpartum period when the mother holds her baby in her arms. So, how should skin care be and what should be considered in these periods:

• The important stages in a woman's life are puberty, pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and menopause. Pregnancy is an extraordinary period that we can call the turning point among them. Due to the intense hormonal difference, circulation and metabolism are accelerated, and some changes are observed in the skin as in other organs. Acne (pimples) can be seen even in expectant mothers. During this period, care should be taken to clean the skin with non-chemical, organic and reliable cleaners. Skin care can be done in safe and competent hands, under the supervision of a dermatologist, as long as no chemicals are used. Mechanical (physical) peelings should be preferred if there is demand and necessity, not chemical.

Pigmentation (color) changes:

• Darkness of the nipples.

• Navel - breast darkening in the vertical line (Linea nigra) extending between , forehead and nose) pregnancy mask formation (Chloasma): For this reason, it is essential for especially brunette mothers to use sunscreen products containing organic and mineral filters. A sufficient amount should be applied to the face thirty minutes before going out in the sun and the application should be repeated every 3 hours if they are outdoors.

  Hair changes: Hair cells enter the anagen (growth - development) phase due to hormonal reasons. shiny, high quality and healthy hair appearance emerges. We recommend postponing chemical processes that will cause color and shape changes in the hair during pregnancy and lactation. They occur due to vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Supportive treatments should be given by the following physicians.

• Ingrown toenail: It occurs due to weight gain and edema in the following months. Very comfortable shoes should be preferred, and a dermatologist should be consulted when a problem is felt.

Symptoms of immune system (immune) changes: The propensity for fungal infections increases. In this case, besides the differences in immunity, the increase in weight and sweating also has a share. In order to avoid fungal infections, it is very important to dry the fold areas (in the ear, behind the ear, neck, under the arm, between and under the breasts, navel, groin, between the toes) very well after the bath, and to choose cotton socks and underwear.

Changes caused by the stretching of the skin and the pressure of the baby, especially in the last 3 months:

• Skin cracks (striae) in the early months of pregnancy with the recommendation of a dermatologist The application of non-chemical medical cosmetic products that increase skin elasticity and that will not harm the baby should be started. These should be applied with massage. Keep our pregnancy weight in check Weight gain should be essential, it is best to gain enough weight for our baby, not for ourselves.

• Cellulite (light exercises suitable for this period can be planned by the necessary specialists and the severity of the problem can be alleviated).

• Leg and dorsal edema.

• Vein problems (varicose, hemorrhoids, etc.).

Primary skin diseases (psoriasis, etc.) existing before pregnancy: The course of these diseases is variable during pregnancy and puerperium. decrease in disease activity). For this reason, it is essential that they be under the control of a dermatologist.

The inseparable medical trio of pregnancy and postpartum period should be a gynecologist, dietitian and dermatologist, as the skin is the largest organ of our body that opens to the outside world and is the most important organ in interpersonal communication.

DAY 3: STAINS AND THEIR TREATMENTS:

Stains that cast a shadow over the beauty of the skin are on our beauty agenda, especially with the approach of summer. So, what are the ways and treatments to prevent these spots?

       Stains are some lesions that are visible on the skin surface, can be noticed from the outside, have a different tone than the normal skin, and are at the same level as the skin. The most important formation factor is the sun.

In addition, periods of hormonal differences such as pregnancy, childbirth, puerperium, and some drugs (especially estrogen-containing birth control pills, cortisone drugs, etc.) may cause predisposition. It is more evident especially in dark-skinned people.

The use of preventive or alleviating, safe medical cosmetic sunscreens should not be neglected with the recommendation of a dermatologist during the mentioned periods and in those with prone skin types. It would be more appropriate for us to take the sunlight, which is vital for the production of vitamin D in the body, from the skin of another body region, such as the back of the hand, instead of our facial skin, because we ladies

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