Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory of motivation in psychology that includes a five-layered model of human needs, often represented as hierarchical levels in a pyramid.
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Needs from the bottom of the hierarchy upwards: physiological (food and clothing), safety (job security), love and belonging (friendship), esteem and self-actualization needs. Before individuals tend to higher needs, lower needs in the hierarchy must be satisfied.
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Maslow stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs and some needs take priority over others. Our most basic need is to survive physically and this will be the first thing to motivate our behavior. Once this level is fulfilled, the next level up is what motivates us.
Physiological needs
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These are biological requirements for human survival. Examples include air, food, drink, shelter, clothing, warmth, sex, sleep.
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If these needs are not met, the human body cannot function optimally. . Maslow considered physiological needs to be the most important because until these needs are satisfied, all other needs become secondary.
2. Safety needs
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Once an individual's physiological needs are satisfied, safety and security needs become evident. People want to experience order, predictability, and control in their lives. These needs can be met by family and community (eg financial security, health and wellness, schools, employment and medical care).
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At the same time, emotional security, financial security (eg employment, This includes social welfare), law and order, social stability, property, and safety against accidents and injuries.
Love and Belonging Needs
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Third-level human needs include feelings of sociability and belonging, once physiological and safety needs are met. Belonging, interpersonal relationships, commitment, and being part of a group expresses the practical need. It includes love, acceptance, and belonging.
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Examples of belonging needs are friendship, love, family relationships, romantic relationships, intimacy, trust, and acceptance.
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To avoid loneliness, depression and anxiety, it is extremely important for people to feel loved and accepted by others, and to keep personal relationships strong.
Reputation (Value) Needs
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The fourth level in Maslow's hierarchy and includes valuing, achievement, and respect. Maslow divided esteem needs into two categories. The first of these is self-respect (dignity, success, mastery, independence) and the other is the desire to be respected or respected by others (status, prestige).
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At this level It becomes more and more important to earn the respect and appreciation of others. People need to achieve something and then have their efforts recognized. In addition to feelings of achievement and prestige, esteem needs include things like self-esteem and personal worth.
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People need to feel valued by others and to feel like they are making a contribution to the world. Participation in professional activities, academic achievements, team participation, and personal hobbies can all play a role in meeting respect needs.
5. Self-Actualization Needs
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It is the highest level in Maslow's hierarchy and refers to the realization of one's potential, self-actualization, pursuit of personal growth, and peak experiences. Maslow (1943) defines this level as the desire to achieve everything one can do, to be the best one can be.
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Individuals may perceive this need as very specific. or focus on it. For example, an individual may have a strong desire to be an ideal parent. In another, desire can be expressed in the economic, academic, or sports field.
Hierarchy of Needs Summary
1) People are a motivated by hierarchy of needs r.
2) Needs are arranged in a hierarchy of superiority, where more or less basic needs must be more or less satisfied (rather than all or none) before higher needs.
3) The order of needs is rigid. rather, it can be flexible according to external conditions or individual differences.
4) Most behaviors have multiple motivations. It is determined by more than one basic need at the same time.
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