Cystoscopy is the basic diagnosis method that allows examination of the bladder and urinary tract (urethra) using a light-camera endoscope called cystoscope, which is used primarily for some other clinical conditions (stone, tumor, prostate, etc.). Cystoscopy is a day-care procedure and does not require hospital stay. Under sterile conditions, following site cleaning, under local (spray or gel), spinal or general anesthesia, a rigid or flexible camera and instrument (cystoscope) is entered through the urinary tract (urethra) and these areas are examined in detail by advancing to the bladder. It is examined, biopsies can be taken from the tumor and suspicious areas, bladder wash fluid can be taken for cytological examination, applications can be made for further examination (photodynamic diagnosis, etc.) using violet light, and it also allows some treatment applications (VUR-injections). If an obvious bladder tumor is detected during this examination, resection (first surgical treatment) for treatment and staging purposes may be performed, taking into account the patient's wishes and consent. There is no method yet that can effectively replace cystoscopy in bladder cancer. There are many studies on this subject, this concept may change in the future.
If it is performed under local anesthesia, you may feel a sudden urge to urinate during the examination. After the examination, you may experience blood in your urine for a few days, burning sensation while urinating, pain, a need to urinate more frequently or suddenly, and mild straining. These effects are short-term, if it lasts longer than 3-5 days, it is useful to consult your doctor due to the possibility of infection.
After the procedure, efforts should be made to consume more fluids for a few days (3 liters per day for average adults).
After the biopsies and wash water cytology taken during cystoscopy are examined and reported pathologically, your doctor will inform you about your future treatment follow-ups, depending on the results.
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