Anal fissure, also called anal fissure and anal tear, is a crack-shaped wound that occurs in the inner part of the anus. It is the second most common anal disease. It is more common in women than in men.
Anal fissure is also called "anal tear" and "anal vascular rupture". Although it is called by a different name, it describes the same disease.
It is one of the most painful diseases of the anus area.
Causes of Anal Fissure
% of anal fissure The most common cause is STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL TENSION. Although constipation is wrongly blamed, it is more common after bouts of diarrhea. Our patients state that their complaints begin and increase during periods of pregnancy, birth, exam preparation, appointment, relocation, and marriage preparation, which they consider to be turning points in their lives.
WHY DOES ANUS CRACK OCCUR?
Close your palm tightly, wait 10-15 seconds and open it. What do you see? When you open your palm, you will see that the palm of your hand is pale, the blood is drained, color quickly returns to your palm, and blood circulation is improving. In stressful times, excessive squeezing occurs in the anus, like a tic, that you are not aware of. While people normally squeeze their anuses during the day, for example with 50-70 cm of water pressure, this pressure increases very much in patients with anal fissures. Anal pressure is very high in these patients even during sleep at night. Since this situation prevents the blood needed to maintain the vitality of the tissues in their anus from sufficiently spreading to the tissues, the crack that begins in the anus cannot be repaired and deepens. Patients can be treated with methods such as medical treatment and simple hot water baths when the anal fissure begins, before the fissure deepens and becomes chronic. However, this situation may start again on another stressful, tense day. If the disease is advanced or chronic, patients describe a painful swelling the size of a lentil or chickpea in their anus. They are ashamed to show this swelling that they know to others, they only describe it. According to the description, the name of this disease is "HEMORES". When explaining to your doctor on the phone, ask "I have hemorrhoids, what should I do?" ar.
How to Understand Anal Fissure
The most common (99%) symptom is pain. During defecation, there is a pain as if a piece of glass is scratching, and the pain continues for 1-5 hours after defecation. The pain sometimes radiates from the hips to the legs. The second common complaint is itching and can occur at any time of the day. The patient notices a painful small breast with his hand, which indicates that the anal fissure has become chronic. When patients describe this breast to each other, they incorrectly describe it as hemorrhoids. Bleeding is infrequent and small in quantity. Most of the time, bleeding is like a smear or streak on the stool.
Taking Precautions for Anal Fissure
The most important cause of anal fissure is stress. It is usually not possible to prevent it. However, it is possible to prevent complaints from becoming chronic by taking simple measures when they start.
Anal Fissure Treatment with Cream
Using anesthesia and muscle relaxant creams in the early stages of the disease and preventing constipation can improve the chance of treatment by 40-50%. If there is no improvement in 2-3 weeks, this indicates that it has become chronic. There is no point in insisting.
Botox Anal Fissure Treatment
It is used in early stage patients where the pain is very severe and in the treatment of chronic anal fissures. It is used in the anal muscles by injection at the edge of the anus. Relief is provided, thus the anal fissure is corrected. It is the final point in the treatment of anal fissures and the treatment is performed without causing any anatomical damage. However, it often recurs.
Anal Fissure Surgery
It is a 5-10 minute outpatient procedure, usually performed under local anesthesia. There is no need for hospitalization or loss of work.
In order to solve the anal spasm that develops due to the crack, a group of anal muscles is cut, the anus is loosened, and the anal crack heals as the loosened anus relaxes. Its success is around 99%. Side effects such as anal deformation, temporary gas incontinence and fecal incontinence lasting for a few months may be observed in rare cases.
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