Anal fissure, also known as anal fissure among the public, refers to small tears in the exit part of the anus that occur due to strain and constant straining during toilet use. In addition, long-term diarrhea and constipation also affect the formation of anal fissure. Anal fissure is one of the most common disorders of the anal area. It can be seen at any age.
Anal fissure is divided into two groups: acute anal fissure and chronic anal fissure. As a result of strain in the anal area, tissues crack and fissures form. Acute anal fissures are fissures that can heal within 4 to 6 weeks. The disease can be treated by applying creams or special treatments to the problematic area.
Chronic anal fissure is an anal fissure that is difficult to heal and lasts more than 6 weeks. Chronic anal fissures do not heal on their own and require the intervention of a specialist doctor. As long as treatment is postponed, serious abscesses may develop.
What are the Symptoms of Anal Fissure?
In cases of anal fissure, although the symptoms are similar, the severity of the symptoms increases or decreases depending on the size of the crack. It decreases.
The most common symptoms of anal fissure are; They are listed as pain, irritation and itching during defecation. Seeing bright red blood in the stool or on the napkin during defecation is among the most obvious symptoms experienced by patients. These symptoms are often a sign of anal fissure. However, anal fissure, in terms of its symptoms; It can be confused with anal diseases such as hemorrhoids, anal abscess and anal prolapse. Therefore, when such symptoms are encountered, a proctologist should be consulted. An incorrect intervention may cause the fissure to become infected.
What are the Causes of Anal Fissure?
There are many reasons for the formation of anal fissure. However, the biggest factor in the development of the disease is chronic constipation and chronic diarrhea due to anal area strain. Fissures may heal as a result of avoiding situations that may cause constipation and diarrhea, such as spending too much time in the toilet or straining.
Delaying the need to go to the toilet, neglecting to drink water and consuming less fibrous foods can cause constipation. It causes nausea and causes hard stools. As a result of these factors, hard stool can irritate the anal area, which is the sensitive skin, and cause anal fissure.
Causes such as heavy lifting, birth, pregnancy, trauma, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease are also effective in the development of anal fissure.
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