What Are Heart Valves?

• The valves of the heart are located between the chambers of the heart and at the beginning of the vessels coming out of the heart.

• There are 4 valves in our heart.

• The chambers (sections) of the heart are divided into two as atria and ventricles. It has both atria (atrium) and two ventricles (ventricles). The ears are the chambers where the blood coming to the heart is collected. The ventricles are the exit chambers from the heart.

• Imagine two rooms, there is no door at the entrance of the first room. The first chamber is the atria and the second chamber is the ventricle. The valves are located between the two chambers and at the exit of the second chamber.

• Two of the four valves of the heart are located on the left and two on the right.

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GREAT CIRCULATION AND SMALL CIRCULATION

• You know that there are two circulations in the heart. It is known as the great circulation and the small circulation.

• The small circulation is between the heart and the lungs. In the Greater Circulation, blood circulates between the heart and the body. Dirty blood with reduced oxygen comes to the heart from our whole body and passes to the RIGHT VENTICULAR and RIGHT ACULAR. It is sent from the right atrium to the lung (Small Circulation) into the pulmonary vein (pulmonary artery). Oxygenated clean blood from the lung goes to the pulmonary vein (pulmonary vein: called vein, but carries clean blood, not dirty). Through this vein, it returns to the heart to the left atrium as part of the minor circulation. From here it goes to the left ventricle. Clean blood is thrown into the body as part of the great circulation with the main vessel, the aorta, which comes out of the heart.

WHAT ARE HEART VALVES? NAMES

Between the right atrium and right ventricle: TRICUSPID VALVE, Because it has three valves (leaf), it is called tricuspid as tri (three) and cusp (valve).

PULMONARY VALVE is located between the right ventricle and the artery (pulmonary artery) that comes out of it and carries blood to the lung. This valve also has three valves.

Mitral valve is located between left ventricle and left atrium. It has two valves.

There is AORTIC VALVE between the left atrium and the main vessel aorta. The aortic valve also has three valves.

DUTIES OF HEART VALVES

Heart valves allow blood to flow in one direction and prevent its return. They allow the chambers of the heart to fill. When the chambers are filled, the cover in front of them opens and blood passes to the other part.

There is stenosis and/or insufficiency in the lids. In stenosis, blood hardly passes and the valve does not open easily. In insufficiency, it cannot be closed completely and the blood escapes back.

Every blood can have stenosis and failure in the heart. It may be alone and/or together with stenosis and insufficiency of other valves.

• Mitral stenosis, Mitral regurgitation

• Aortic stenosis

• Tricuspid stenosis, Tricuspid regurgitation

• Pulmonary stenosis, Pulmonary insufficiency

Both stenosis and insufficiency can coexist in the same valve: such as aortic stenosis+regurgitation. In such a situation, someone can be dominant.

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