Strabismus and Eye Misalignment

Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes do not look in the same direction and the eyes lose their parallel stance.

The harmonious movement of the eyes is provided by the 6 eye muscles in each eye and the nervous system that controls them. Stimulations from the brain and nerves are transferred to the muscles, and in this way the eyes move together when following objects or focusing on a point. Disturbance at any point in this working system results in strabismus. Strabismus can occur in the form of one or both eyes turning inwards, outwards, upwards or inwards. When strabismus first occurs, two images first go to the brain because the eyes look at different points. This condition may cause double vision. Then, to overcome double vision, the brain will neglect one of the images and not use one of the eyes. In this case, decreased vision, that is, lazy eye, may occur in the unused eye.

The inward deviation of the eyes is called Esotropia, and the outward deviation is called Exotropia. Up and down shifts are less common and are called Hypertropia and Hypotropia.

In babies and some people, the problem of false strabismus can be confused with real strabismus.

What causes strabismus?

First of all, it is important to know this; There is more than one type of strabismus. And the formation mechanism of each type of strabismus may be different. The most common types of strabismus we see are:

• Congenital strabismus

• Inward deviation that occurs in infancy

• Inward deviation due to hypermetropia

• Occasional external deviation of the eye

• Strabismus in a blind eye

• strabismus due to neurological problems

• strabismus due to high myopia

• Duane syndrome, Strabismus due to syndromes such as Brown syndrome.

Congenital strabismus occurs due to the insufficient development of the visual and eye movement systems during the development of the baby.

Among the causes of strabismus, conditions such as familial predisposition, eye disorders, Down syndrome and cerebral palsy are important.

First of all, a strabismus When we encounter a patient, we determine the type of strabismus categorically according to these reasons.

Diagnosis of Strabismus

Diagnosis and treatment methods also vary between types of strabismus. Again, different types of strabismus have different chances of success after treatment. Therefore, detailed strabismus examination is important.

In this examination,

• Vision rates

• Eye disorders

• Light reflection test

• Measurement of deviation angles in the eyes

• Anatomical integrity of the eye

• Three-dimensional vision ability

• Control of the eye's movement ability

 

Strabismus treatment options;

• Eyeglasses, contact lenses, laser therapy

• Prismatic glasses

• Eye exercises

• Amblyopia treatment (coverage or drops)

• Toxin injection into the eye muscle

• Surgical procedure on eye muscles

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