Speech Delay in Children

• Nowadays, with the effect of the pandemic period, the most common cause of speech delay in children who are always closed at home and isolated from society is lack of stimulus and screen exposure

• The reason for speech delay is One of the most important organic causes is hearing loss.

• The most common cause of acquired hearing loss is the deterioration of middle ear ventilation in children with frequent upper respiratory tract infections.

• In order for the child's language development to be completed, he/she must first understand the language and then be able to use the language. If the child understands what is said and carries out the commands, it is considered a developmental language delay, and it can be roughly assumed that there is no problem in terms of the brain and nervous system. Such children can be monitored and usually there is a family history of a late-talking mother, father or sibling.

                             NORMAL LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

• Everyone born healthy. Hearing screening should definitely be done on the baby.

• 6-12 month old baby should start making meaningful sounds such as “ba ba ba”, “ma ma ma”.

• A 12-month-old baby should understand commands such as "yes" and "no" and look when called by name.

• Between 12-16 months, "grandfather", "father" There should be 1-2 meaningful words such as.

• 24. By the end of the month, a vocabulary of 5-10 words should have developed.

• Between 24-36 months, questions like "what is this?", "where is the ball?", "who am I?" He/she must understand questions such as these and give meaningful answers.

• He/she must be able to make 2 or 3-word sentences between 24-36 months.

• 36. After the first month, the words he uses should be understandable to foreigners.

• He should be able to explain a simple event at the age of 4-5.

• He should be able to explain a complex event at the age of 7. Must be able to describe an event.

CAUSES OF SPEECH DELAY

• Familial language delay

• Developmental language delay

• Premature birth or growth and development retardation

• Conflict situations such as speaking two languages, using the right hand and left hand

• Hearing loss , hearing perception disorders.

• Intraoral problems such as tongue tie, cleft palate and lip

• Autism, diseases that cause mental retardation

• Lack of psychosocial stimulation

• Screen exposure

• “The cherished child"; not giving the child the opportunity to speak

                                     HOW TO FIX?

• First of all, treatment is given for the cause. A child who has no organic disease and a family history of delayed speech can be followed up.

• Boys are more prone than girls

• Adequate and effective communication should be established with children and they should be given the opportunity to talk.

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• For something the child wants, the child should first be expected to express it verbally, and then what he wants should be realized.

• Daily communication should be continued by asking questions to the child and allocating time for him to answer, and he should be encouraged to create short stories

• All individuals in the child's immediate environment They should consider every moment they are with the child as education, give examples of correct speech and create opportunities for the child to speak.

 

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