The surface of all joints has a smooth and shiny surface. With wear and tear, the joint cartilage peels off, a condition called calcification. Hallux rigidus is the most common arthritis of the big toe. It is a joint that bends during walking. In case of problems, walking, especially bending over the toes, becomes very painful. As the cartilage disappears, the bones begin to rub against each other. As a result, it causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the thumb. A finger that cannot be bent upward during walking occurs.
Hallux rigidus usually occurs between the ages of 30-60. Although the exact cause is unknown, high-heeled shoes and excessive stress on the thumb due to standing for long periods of time are among the causes. It is common in people with flat feet and those exposed to trauma.
Clinical Findings, Complaints and Diagnosis
- Swelling in the joint
- Lifting of the big toe while walking Pain radiating to the top of the finger, especially when bending the finger up
- A hard mass on the top of the thumb
- Hardness in the joint that develops over time
- Hallux rigidus should be treated at an early stage before a hard swelling develops on the top of the finger. . X-rays are taken and the degree of joint calcification and bone protrusion is evaluated.
- Toe movements are evaluated.
Treatment
Non-Surgical Treatment,
- Painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs are useful for resolving edema and reducing pain.
- Ice application reduces inflammation and swelling.
- Wide-toed shoes should be worn, the heel should not be high.
- Shoe soles should be wide and soft-soled. It should be slightly curved from the front and back.
- Hot and cold shock application will be beneficial. Namely; Provide 2 buckets. One should be filled with hot water and the other with cold water. Immerse your foot in cold water and then in hot water every 30 seconds, starting with cold water and ending with cold water. Apply this for 5 minutes in total and 3 sessions a day.
Surgical Treatment
Cheliectomy
This surgery is recommended when the damage is mild to moderate. Excess bone tissues are cleaned. It is a useful and successful surgery. . It provides long-term relief for most patients. The foot incision is made from the top and is an operation performed under local anesthesia.
Arthrodesis-Joint Freezing
It is a surgery recommended for patients with severe cartilage damage and those who do not benefit from chelioectomy. After the joint ends are cleaned, the joint is frozen with platinum plates. It means the joint can no longer bend. However, it is the most reliable and beneficial surgery in cases of severe pain. Crutches are used for 6 weeks. Say goodbye to high-heeled shoes.
Arthroplasty-Joint Prosthesis
It is a new technique and joint movements are preserved by placing a prosthesis on the joint surfaces. Long-term results are not clear.
Severe cartilage loss in the joint is seen in the picture below.
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