How a person looks at the individual in front of him is very important. Because the individual's place in society is determined by how he is treated and how he is seen. By nature, we inevitably make generalizations; We evaluate those around us with various prejudices. These categorical approaches push us to certain expectations; We experience disappointment when we do not find what we expect. Children and young people, who are open to all kinds of influences, are negatively affected by this.
Positive expectations lead to positive results. Here is a good example of this: A group of research psychologists visiting any primary school held a general meeting; They stated that they applied a test to students at school, evaluated the lists of successful and unsuccessful students they prepared according to the results of the application, and wanted education and training activities to be carried out in line with these lists. A really good success was achieved by applying a good program to successful students during the semester; A lighter program was applied to students who were considered unsuccessful, and they were not successful enough. The research is excellent and the results are excellent; But the sad part is that no tests were applied at the beginning of the semester and there is no research. Our ancestors said it very well: If anyone calls a man crazy for forty days, he becomes crazy.
Therefore, humans are a very complex being and intelligence, like many other psychological variables, is one of the very complex structures that cannot be observed directly...
Intelligence cannot be measured objectively. work is right; However, considering intelligence with such limited and narrow approaches does not coincide with human reality. According to Gardner, intelligence is the human ability to comprehend cultural values, produce new things or solve problems. With the "Multiple Intelligence Gamble", classical intelligence testing and promotion are becoming history. Professor Howard Gardner was the first to reveal this theory. Gardner, a neuro-psychologist at Harvard University, wrote in his book "Frames of the Mind" in 1983; He argued that there are eight types of intelligence, not two: mathematics and language. Thus, it turned out that those who show themselves in music, sports, dance and nature are also intelligent.
There are eight intelligence areas found so far in the multiple intelligence theory. this is eight Although these fields are present in every human being, one or some of them are more developed than other fields. Each person is more developed according to the areas in which he is dominant. Every person can be more successful and learn better in the areas in which he/she is dominant.
Students who fail numerical courses in schools are considered to have low intelligence levels. I wonder if such a thing actually exists? Today, first-class intelligence is seen as numerical courses and numerical-oriented professions, second-class intelligence is seen as verbal lessons and professions, and artistic professions are described as hobbies. In this case, families want their children to have first-class intelligence and, accordingly, they take special courses and private lessons so that their children can be successful in numerical courses. As a result of all these, if the child fails again, this time negative thoughts occur and it is understood that he was not successful because his intelligence is not high. However, the same child who is directed to the field where he will be successful will achieve the desired success. But all these are not done and the abilities of our children cannot be revealed.
A student who has the dominant characteristics of one or more of the multiple intelligence characteristics developed by Professor Howard Gardner may be more successful in professions related to that field.
MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE. FEATURES
1. VERBAL - LINGUISTICAL INTELLIGENCE
It is the capacity to use one's mother tongue or another language and to express one's thoughts in a way that others can understand. Their ability to use written and oral language, memorize and remember is well developed, they memorize names, places and dates well, they are humorous, persuasive, they like to talk and have good oratory skills, they learn by saying, hearing and seeing, they like to read and write. In general; The linguistic intelligence of poets, writers, teachers, journalists, politicians and lawyers is very developed.
2. LOGICAL / MATHEMATICAL INTELLIGENCE
It is the capacity to establish cause-effect relationships, to reveal the working principles of something and to play with numbers. Abstract thinking has developed. They can think inductively/deductively, establish numerical and logical relationships, use numbers effectively, produce scientific solutions to problems and distinguish relationships between concepts. Their ability to classify and generalize has improved. In general; The mathematical intelligence of mathematicians, scientists, accountants, statisticians and computer scientists is very developed.
3. VISUAL INTELLIGENCE
It is the ability to visualize space in the mind. The captain, the chess player and the sculptor who set his route in the ocean are people with superior spatial intelligence. Three-dimensional thinking is its most important feature. They can perceive objects accurately and notice relationships between objects. They have advanced visualization skills and can create and change images. They can navigate in space. (Desert, forest, sea) They are sensitive to colors, shapes and lines. They learn by visualizing, imagining, and working with pictures and colors. They like to watch movies and play with household appliances. In general; The visual intelligence of painters, architects, scouts, guides and photographers is very developed.
4. MUSICAL / RHYTHMIC INTELLIGENCE
People with this intelligence are masters at perceiving and reproducing rhythms. They can easily catch the rhythm of a song. These people are very skilled at catching and using the pronunciation of a language they have just learned. There is sensitivity to the quality of voice tone, and the ability to write lyrics and compose songs has improved. They are sensitive to sounds, rhythm, notes and harmony, they can distinguish types of music, most of the time they are either singing a song or humming a melody, they like to sing and play musical instruments, they learn with rhythm, melody and music. In general; The rhythmic intelligence of singers, composers and musicians is very developed.
5. PHYSICAL / KINESTIC INTELLIGENCE
It is the ability to use your body extremely sensitively and effectively. It is the capacity to control body movements and use hands skillfully. The brain and body connection is developed, they can imitate skillfully, they have good balance and flexibility, they have a strong sense of touch, their manual skills are developed, they use body language well, they like sports activities, they learn by touching, tasting and experiencing with their sense organs. In general; The physical intelligence of athletes, dancers, sculptors, surgeons, actors, and mime artists is very developed.
6. SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE
Understanding and understanding people's feelings, intentions, motivations, characters, interests, needs and expectations is the capacity to evaluate. These people are very skilled in thinking and reasoning. They can look at others' perspectives, they can establish success in groups, they notice differences between people, they recognize other people's needs and expectations, and they are sensitive to facial expressions, gestures, and voices. He has many friends and is a member of many groups. He is the organizer of social events. They learn by sharing, collaborating, comparing and associating. They like to talk. In general; The social intelligence of psychologists, counselors, teachers and politicians is very developed.
7. SELF / INTERNAL INTELLIGENCE
People are aware of their own feelings and thoughts, know their limitations, are in touch with their own inner world, are aware of who they are, what they can do, what they cannot do and their limitations. They are masters at getting to know themselves and concentrating on their inner world. They can notice and express changes in feelings. They think at a higher level (Relational). They act with their instincts. Self-motivation/discipline abilities have improved. They are thoughtful and sensitive people. They learn on their own, through individual projects, at their own pace. In general; The inner intelligence of artists, clergy, psychotherapists and social workers is very developed.
8. NATURAL INTELLIGENCE
Watching and understanding nature, natural resources and natural events; It is the capacity to understand, distinguish and classify plants and animals. They have an interest in animals. They like to be busy with the soil and grow plants and flowers. They have developed environmental awareness and are interested in seasonal and climatic events. He has a collection about nature. They give plenty of examples from natural life in their speeches. They learn by researching, examining and observing. In general; The natural intelligence of biologists, geologists, florists, archaeologists and meteorologists is very developed.
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