Autism is a congenital or in other words congenital neurobiological disorder thought to be caused by structural and/or functional differences in the brain and nervous system.
What is Autism?
Autism is a congenital or in other words congenital neurobiological disorder thought to be caused by structural and/or functional differences in the brain and nervous system. Autism, whose symptoms are seen in the first three years after birth, continues throughout life. Discomfort that negatively affects social interaction, such as verbal skills and communication; It is characterized by developmental problems such as repetitive behaviors and limited attention. Autism, also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), negatively affects a person's learning skills, social interaction, and behavior. Autism, which has been found to be seen at a rate of 1% in the society, is more common in men than in women. Although there is no known cause of autism yet, it is thought to occur with a combination of environmental and genetic factors that develop before and after birth. Studies reveal that the cause of autism differs for each person. It is known that the use of folic acid during pregnancy reduces the risk of autism. The effects of autism, which cannot be fully cured, on the person and the person's relatives, can be reduced by practices such as speech and language therapy, educational support, and occupational therapy. Such practices help to increase the quality of life of the person and his/her immediate environment. Before moving on to the causes of autism, "What is autism?" It is necessary to answer the question. One of the distinctive features of the disease, which causes symptoms such as repetitive behaviors and limited social skills, is non-verbal communication without speech. Weed that occurs in the first three years of life and continues throughout life The ism can show different symptoms in each person.
The severity of symptoms also differs between individuals. It usually takes 2 or 3 years of age to notice the signs of autism. However, in some cases, depending on the early emergence of symptoms, the person may be diagnosed at 18 months of age. The early diagnosis of autism helps to reduce the problems that are expected to occur in the following years. opens. Each individual with autism has different strengths and areas of difficulty. People with autism usually have a strong memory. Can follow habits and rules. However, attention and focus, social interaction, sensory evaluation, planning and evaluation skills are generally weak.
However, it should be considered that every autistic person is different. In some cases, in addition to autism, the person may experience psychological and neurological disorders such as attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, mood disorders, sleep disorders and epilepsy.
What are the Symptoms of Autism?
The most common symptoms of autism is the delay in making a sound between Between 6 and 12 months, babies with autism do not react when called by their name, or they pretend to ignore the caller. By the 10th month, he does not communicate with hand signals. In some cases, she uses her parent's hand to make a hand gesture.
Mostly, she doesn't make eye contact or use gestures. When she wants to go to her parent's lap, she doesn't reach for him or typically doesn't raise her hands up. He repeats movements such as clapping his hands, snapping his fingers, or waving. Body language is often harsh and rude when used. Two-year-old produces fewer than 50 words or does not speak at all. Although he can use sentences, he prefers to communicate in one word. autism symptoms; communication, socialization, behavior and sensory areas can be examined differently. Some of the symptoms seen in the presence of autism can be listed as follows:
Communication
Communication that allows the exchange of feelings, thoughts, information, expression of needs and the ability to understand other people can also be defined as Although people with autism have the ability to speak, the communication difficulties listed below can be seen: Not understanding other people, Inability to understand what is being said figuratively other than the literal meaning, Mixing up polysemous and homonymous words, Difficulty starting and continuing speaking, Constant repetition of words and phrases.
br>Socialization
The difficulties experienced by people with autism in the field of communication also negatively affect their socialization skills. People with autism who do not fully understand the social rules do not know how to join other people. Often has a rude attitude towards other people. Socially disabled people with autism have difficulty concentrating and maintaining attention. It cannot distinguish the stimuli in its environment. It cannot perceive and apply gestures and facial expressions correctly. people with autism; They are weak in subjects such as waiting in line, obeying the rules, finishing the activity, and following the instructions. Has difficulty setting up and maintaining play. He rarely smiles or imitates sounds when contacted.
Behavior
Autism often leads to repetitive behaviors. This leads to the formation of clear habits of the person. People with autism dislike changes and may have a strong interest in a particular subject. This can cause them to act or talk in an obsessive way. People with autism often repeat the same bodily movement or hand and arm movement over and over. These people like routines and do not like to go out of routines.
Sensory Evaluation
The way the brain receives and uses stimuli from the senses can be defined as sensory evaluation. Differences in sensory evaluation affect the daily behavior of a person with autism. In other words, what is considered normal by other people can be very exciting, very upsetting, or worrying for them. Sensory evaluation difficulties often lead to excessive reactions to stimuli such as auditory, smell and taste, touch, sight, movement. In addition, it can react differently to people and objects in ways that other people have difficulty in understanding.
Why Does Autism Happen?
Although it is not yet fully understood why autism is caused, it is possible that more than one factor can cause autism. known to cause scarring. Genetic and environmental factors are thought to be effective in the formation of autism, which is a neurological and developmental disorder. The risk of autism in a sibling of a child with autism is 50 to 100 times higher than in healthy individuals. Also, in identical twins, the probability of both babies being autistic is higher than in fraternal twins. Many factors that occur before and after birth can also lead to autism. In addition, it is thought that there is a connection between different health problems such as muscular dystrophy, Down syndrome, cerebral palsy and autism. There is no treatment method. The aim of treatment is to improve the individual and social abilities of the person with autism. The success of autism treatment is largely related to early diagnosis. Autism leads to different findings and behaviors in each individual. Therefore, the treatment is tailored to the individual. The form of education known as behavioral education and management helps a person to express himself better. This helps to strengthen one's social skills. In addition to the treatment to be applied, speech therapy can also be used to increase social communication skills. To reach us, you can use the contact form on our website or call 444 0436.
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