Hysteroscopy; It is known as a procedure used for complaints such as infertility, investigating the cause of recurrent miscarriages or irregular menstrual bleeding. So, what is hysteroscopy, why is it performed and when is it requested? Let's examine the answers to these questions a little more closely.
First of all, the process of examining the inside of the uterus and the part of the tubes opening to the uterus through an optical camera is called hysteroscopy. It is used as a diagnostic method as well as for surgical treatment.
How is Hysteroscopy Done?
Hysteroscopy should be performed within the first 3 - 4 days after the end of menstruation when the uterine wall is thin, the purpose of this is to prevent unintentional The aim is not to harm a possible pregnancy and to obtain a better image of the inner cavity of the uterus with an optical camera. Since the ovulation period occurs on the 10th to 15th days after the end of menstrual bleeding, there is a possibility of pregnancy. For this reason, hysteroscopy cannot be performed except the days immediately after the end of menstruation.
Hysteroscopy is a procedure performed vaginally. It is performed by entering the cervix through a special lens. The captured image is viewed by reflecting it on the monitor during the process. The tube consisting of this camera or lens system that allows taking images inside the uterus is called a hysteroscope.
The hysteroscope is entered through the cervix into the uterus. Meanwhile, a fluid that expands the uterine cavity is injected to see the inside of the uterus.
Hysteroscopy can be performed by two methods, diagnostic or surgical. During diagnostic hysteroscopy, surgery can be performed if necessary, using the appropriate tools at the tip of the hysteroscope. When hysteroscopy is performed for diagnostic purposes, it is performed under local anesthesia, and when performed for surgical procedures, it is performed under general or spinal anesthesia in the operating room.
The patient who undergoes hysteroscopy can be discharged and return home on the same day.
In Which Situations is Hysteroscopy Applied? ?
Hysteroscopy; It allows images to be obtained and some surgical procedures to be performed by sending a very fine-tipped lens into the uterus vaginally.
General or local anesthesia, depending on the patient's condition and the procedure to be performed. Hysteroscopy performed under i is usually performed in the first days after the end of menstrual bleeding. Thus, the inside of the uterus can be visualized much better and any pregnancy is excluded.
Hysteroscopy is generally performed for both diagnosis and treatment purposes;
- In case of recurrent miscarriages
- Infertility problems
- In menstrual irregularities and irregular bleeding complaints
- In the diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine adhesions
- In the removal of polyps or fibroids in the uterus
- It is applied in the removal of the curtain/partition in the uterine cavity.
Diagnostic Hysteroscopy
The causes of recurrent miscarriage problems along with infertility problems or menstrual irregularity problems It is applied for research purposes.
Hysteroscopy for Therapeutic Purposes
It is a surgical hysteroscopy procedure performed to remove adhesions, myomas or polyps detected in the uterus and the existing compartment in the uterine cavity. After this procedure, which is performed in the operating room and under general anesthesia, the patient may sometimes need to stay in the hospital for at most one night.
To Whom is Hysteroscopy Applied?
The main reasons for requesting hysteroscopy are as follows;
- In the investigation of infertility
- In the investigation of recurrent miscarriages
- Abnormal menstrual bleeding
- Premenopausal and postmenopausal uterine bleeding
- Possible polyp in the uterus, Diagnosis of myomas
- Diagnosis of possible adhesions in the uterus
- Diagnosis of congenital anomalies in the uterus (intrauterine compartment-septum)
In addition, hysteroscopy can diagnose the following diseases: It is possible to treat;
- Polyps and myomas
- Congenital uterine problems
- Intrauterine adhesions
- Removal of the spiral that enters the uterus
- Burning of the inner walls of the uterus with ablation technique
- Removal of any fragments remaining after miscarriage or curettage
- Treatment of lesions in the cervical canal
Situations where hysteroscopy cannot be applied:
- Cervix cancer
- Severe uterine bleeding
- Serious infections
- Active herpes infection
- Pregnancy
Is Hysteroscopy Procedure Risky?
There are some risk factors in hysteroscopy, as in other procedures. When applied at the right time, with qualified technical equipment and by an experienced physician, the risk factors in this procedure are minimized. If there is foul-smelling vaginal discharge, fever, heavy bleeding and severe abdominal pain after the hysteroscopy procedure, the doctor must be informed.
Infection in the uterus may occur as a result of not paying attention to sterile conditions during and after the application. Choosing a doctor is very important in the Hysteroscopy procedure, which may cause problems such as cervical injury or uterine perforation.
Pregnancy After Hysteroscopy
Hysteroscopy is an important diagnosis and treatment method in the evaluation of infertility. One of the many causes of infertility is intrauterine lesions, polyps, myomas, uterine septum and intrauterine adhesions. However, this condition can be diagnosed and treated with hysteroscopy.
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