The International Headache Association has classified headaches into 14 main groups and hundreds of subgroups. Headaches that occur directly with the headache picture and are not related to another disease are primary headaches. These are migraine, tension type and cluster headaches. Secondary headaches, on the other hand, are headaches that occur at a rate of 10 percent and occur during the course of diseases such as cerebrovascular diseases, nervous system diseases, brain tumors, eye diseases, sinusitis and meningitis, depending on a certain disease.
Migraine. What are its characteristics?
Generally, the pain is on one side of the head.
The pain is throbbing, moderate or severe.
Nausea and vomiting occur.
It comes in the form of crises (attacks).
Pain lasts 4 to 72 hours.
Visual disturbances occur at the onset of pain (aura type).
With head movements and physical activity. pain increases.
Discomfort from light and sound.
What are the factors that trigger migraine?
Altitude changes
Air pollution, cigarette smoke
Bright light or flickering light
Loud and continuous noise
Perfume smell, other strong odors and chemicals
Changes in weather (pressure) , temperature and humidity change, southwest wind)
Seasonal changes (autumn and spring are the worst times)
Hunger, skipping meals
Sleeping too much or too little, sleeping disorders
Air travels
Birth control pills
Hormonal changes in women (menstrual period)
Some foods and drinks (chocolate, shellfish) nuts, red wine, etc.)
Many foods are held responsible among the factors that trigger migraine. *However, the food that increases migraine pain may be different for each patient. The important thing is that the person finds and discovers the substance that triggers the pain.
How can we distinguish tension-type headache from migraine?
Tension-type headache is often caused by stress
The entire head is affected by stress. It holds and is effective on the hill. It spreads from the back of the head to the front
Very rarely it can be unilateral
Nausea may occur but vomiting is not observed
One week - 15 days with pain (mild) It passes
The pain does not occur in the form of a crisis
There is no visual disturbance before the pain begins
Moving does not increase the pain
How should migraine be treated?
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The goal of treatment is to reduce the triggering factors, to suppress the sensitivity in the nervous system and the events in and around the vessels that occur during pain. Basic treatment is divided into two: preventive and attack treatment. If the patient's pain occurs once or twice a month, treatment is recommended only during the attack.
How is attack-pain treated?
Simple analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ergotamine drugs are used in pain treatment. and triptans are used. Painkillers and Ergotamine drugs, if used frequently, cause constant pain and can sometimes cause more serious side effects.
Anti-emetic group drugs are also given for nausea and vomiting during an attack. Painkillers should be taken at the beginning of the attack. To speed up absorption, anti-nausea medication should be taken before painkillers.
How is preventive treatment performed?
If the number of attacks exceeds three or four in a month, then not only during the attack, but also during the attack. It is also necessary to use medications to prevent migraine attacks. It is not applied if the person has a migraine attack once a month or once every 6 months. In preventive treatment, medications are taken every day. For this purpose, heart medications, depression medications, and epilepsy medications are used. It is dangerous to take painkillers every day.
Are there any treatment alternatives other than medication?
Biofeedback (feedback transmission - relaxation training) for tension-type headache, acupuncture for migraine, tissue massage for chronic pain, Riboflavin, Medicines containing magnesium and the 'fever few' plant are used as alternative treatments.
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