Hyperactivity is the general state of being unusually or abnormally active and affects the brain and behavior. ADHD can often be noticed by families at an early age. It even manifests itself quite clearly when the child starts school.
What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
Hyperactivity is the general state of being unusually or abnormally active and affects the brain and behavior. ADHD can often be noticed by families at an early age. It even manifests itself quite clearly when the child starts school. The age of 6, which is the age of starting school, and the following years is an important process for the diagnosis of ADHD. The disorder diagnosed at this age is expected to gradually disappear with adulthood. However, this may not always be the case, and ADHD can also be a problem for adults. People diagnosed with ADHD are also more likely to have sleep and anxiety disorders. However, this is not seen in all cases. Studies conducted in our country have proven that ADHD is seen in one out of every 20 children. People with ADHD have trouble controlling their impulsive behavior. They act without thinking about the consequences of their behavior. This situation causes low self-perception, problems in social relationships and failure in school in children.
ADHD occurs when the baby is still in the womb. It has an effect on the nervous system and brain development. In addition to all these, ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that causes mental problems. ADHD generally appears in early childhood. The main reason for this is attention deficit and excessive activity. Of course, this does not mean that all active and inattentive children under the age of 5 suffer from ADHD. In order to understand whether this hyperactivity and inattention is a problem, the child should be compared with their peers. ADHD can be mentioned if there is an exaggeration compared to their peers and this affects the school and social life of the child.
These children are difficult to control by their teachers and parents. Aggression in people with hyperactivity disorder; alcohol and substance addiction It is more likely to occur than normal individuals. ADHD often presents as a symptom of an underlying mental or physical health condition. Although there are many underlying causes of the disease, the effect of genetic transmission in this disease is around 75%. In other words, it is possible for a great majority of children with ADHD in their families. does not show the same symptoms in the individual. Symptoms may vary according to the age of the individual, the environment and the wishes of the patient. In some children, ADHD may only manifest as hyperactivity, while in others it may only manifest as distraction. Children who are very active are quite talkative compared to others. Because they do not want to stand still for too long, they can be observably restless. They can always find an activity to deal with and be busy with that activity all the time. Forgetfulness is very common in children with attention problems. While on one task, their attention can be diverted quite easily to another situation. In general, they seem like they are not listening to what the other person is talking about. They have trouble cooperating with other people and are likely to be messy.
Children with ADHD have a lot of difficulty completing a task. They often switch to another job before completing this job. It can also take a very long time for them to start a new job. For this reason, they can be described as greedy by the people around them. In addition to all these, acting without thinking is seen in children who act impulsively. As a result of this situation, non-compliance behavior may occur. Behaviors such as interrupting a speaking person and not being able to wait their turn in games can be seen.
In addition to all these symptoms, learning difficulties may also manifest themselves. It is also possible for the child to show signs of depression and become anxious.
What are the Causes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
Despite all the research, the exact cause of ADHD has not been found. However, many factors come together and this problem arises. It is considered to be. When looked at genetically, it has been determined that 75% of individuals with ADHD in their families have the same disorder. Despite this high probability, ADHD cannot be said to occur with only maternal or paternal genes. Here is the result: Depending on which gene combination ADHD occurs, it has not yet been determined. In addition, many studies have been conducted on the brain structure of individuals with this disorder. Although some differences were detected as a result of the researches, it was not possible to reach a definite conclusion. The data emerging in the studies revealed that some parts of the brain of individuals with ADHD are larger or smaller.
However, it has been determined that the working intensity of some chemicals that make the brain work is different in individuals with DEDD. In addition to these studies, there are also some risk groups. It is thought to occur as a result of premature births. In addition, children with epilepsy are also more likely to have ADHD than other individuals. Brain damage at birth or at any time of life can also cause hyperactivity disorder.
How to Diagnose Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
Any problem in the child's daily life or school life. ADHD may not require an examination unless it is causing the problem. There is no simple or meaningful test to diagnose ADHD anyway. A child psychiatrist is usually consulted for a definitive diagnosis. It is possible to make a diagnosis after a number of detailed tests performed by the psychiatrist. A medical examination may be undertaken to examine possible causes of disturbed behavior. Based on the information obtained from the family history and the school life of the individual, helpful information can be obtained in the diagnosis. Teachers, caregivers, trainers, close friends, etc., who are close to the child and around the child. information can be obtained from individuals. Although all this information is obtained separately, sometimes it may not make sense on its own.
In such cases, all the acquired knowledge should be thoroughly evaluated by the expert. A However, the integrity of all this information may be suitable for diagnosis as a result of the evaluations to be made. Because ADHD-like problems may occur in individuals who have not yet completed their language development. This makes the diagnosis of the disease difficult. A definitive diagnosis is tried to be reached by using ADHD rating scales and it is important to start the treatment of individuals diagnosed quickly.
What are the Treatment Methods for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
Individuals with ADHD problems experience problems. It is necessary to help treatment in all environments. Because these individuals are likely to encounter a different challenge in every environment. For the treatment of the child, first of all, the family should be very attentive and careful. In addition, the teacher should also show the necessary care in the school. Awareness of the child's situation should be provided.
As with other behaviors, reinforcement plays an important role in the treatment of ADHD. All positive behaviors that the child will do to correct the hyperactivity disorder should be rewarded. Thus, negative behaviors can be reduced. The child whose education life is affected due to attention disorder should be supported educationally. In order to increase the child's self-confidence, the subjects in which he is successful can be selected as a priority in his education. Thus, the child continues his education with motivation and a path from simple to difficult can be followed. Medications to be given by the specialist are also very important for treatment.
These drugs help the child with ADHD to concentrate and reduce mobility. Increasing the child's concentration thanks to drugs helps to improve the educational life and increase the child's pleasure of success. Thus, the child makes an effort to repeat these behaviors. Families, teachers and experts should manage the treatment process together and help the child get through this period successfully.
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