Which diseases are most common in children during school age?
Diseases seen in children during school age; It is affected by factors such as age, season, crowded classes, incomplete vaccination, and hygiene. While the most common viral infections (such as cold, flu, hand-foot-mouth disease, fifth and sixth disease, etc.), otitis media, tonsillitis, diarrhea, pneumonia, and chicken pox are seen most frequently in the 3-6 year old nursery and kindergarten period, while at 6 years old the most common viral infections are seen. -In the 16-year-old school period, tonsillitis, flu, flu, scarlet fever, chicken pox, pneumonia and diarrhea are more common.
What are the symptoms of chickenpox, measles and rubella?
Chickenpox; It is a disease that begins 14-21 days after contact with the sick person and progresses with weakness, loss of appetite, mild fever, and itchy watery blisters. Rashes are especially on the body, scalp, arms and legs and last for 2-7 days. The disease is contagious starting 1-2 days before the rash begins and until all the rashes have crusted over. Rubella; The incubation period is 14-21 days. It is milder than measles. Mild fever, weakness, runny nose, light spot-like pink rash on the forehead, face, neck, trunk, arms and legs. Painful lymph node enlargement occurs behind the ear. Measles; At the end of the 10-14 day incubation period, it begins with watery eyes, redness, crusting, photophobia (inability to look at the light), high fever, weakness, loss of appetite, runny nose and cough.
Why do these diseases develop rapidly? How is it transmitted?
All of the diseases we have mentioned are contagious through breathing, close contact, use of infected items, not washing hands well, not well-ventilated classrooms and poor toilet hygiene.
Flu and cold are caused by What are the differences between?
Flu; It happens with influenza viruses. There are three types of this virus: A, B, C. While B and C only cause disease in humans, A is found in both humans and animals such as horses, pigs and birds, and causes severe epidemics in some years. 1-4 days after contact, runny nose, sore throat and headache, cough, long-lasting fever exceeding 38 degrees, weakness, joint and muscle pain occur. Sometimes diarrhea, vomiting, and pneumonia may develop. cold; It is a milder condition than the flu. It happens with different viruses. nose to nose It progresses with cough, sneezing, nasal congestion, loss of appetite, and mild fever. For vaccination, the child should be taken to the pediatrician every month for the first year, every 3 months between the ages of 1 and 18 months, then every 6 months until the age of 3, and once a year between the ages of 3 and adolescence. Because preventive medicine can only be achieved through regular monitoring of health and growth and development. Child doctor; While raising your child, it will guide you in detecting sleep, behavioral problems, congenital diseases and monitoring them by the necessary departments, and in detecting and monitoring genetic diseases. In addition, the child should be taken to the doctor in case of complaints such as allergies, fevers, rash, diarrhea, vomiting and cough.
What can be done to strengthen the immune system of children?
Strengthening the immune system of children for; Balanced nutrition, regular sleep, age-appropriate sports activity and vaccination are required. In addition, blood tests should be performed at certain periods and vitamins and minerals whose deficiencies are detected should be supplemented. Supplementary products such as vitamin C, iron, vitamin D, zinc, omega, propolis and probiotics should be given under the supervision of a doctor.
Can you give information about childhood allergies? In what cases should allergies be treated?
Children may be allergic to food, house dust mites, pollen, mold fungi, animal dander, insects and medications. Allergy; It can be in the form of asthma, hay fever, atopic eczema and urticaria. Food allergies are the most common. Food allergies are most common in the first 1-2 years of life. As age increases, tolerance to foods develops and allergies decrease. Food allergy is more common in babies whose parents and siblings have allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy and atopic eczema. The most common allergy-causing foods are cow's milk, egg whites, hazelnuts, peanuts, walnuts and seafood. The severity, course, diagnosis and treatment of allergies in children should be carried out by a pediatrician and, when necessary, by a pediatric allergist by performing allergy tests.
What should children and parents do to protect themselves from diseases?
To protect from diseases; During the 0-2 years of age period, it should be ensured that the baby receives breast milk and receives a balanced diet in cooperation with the family and the doctor. Vaccination, seasonal flu vaccine, no smoking at home, hand washing, dental Hygiene rules such as brushing should be taught at home and at school. Crowded environments should be avoided during the winter months when infections are intense. It should be ensured that sick children do not come to school during the contagious period and do not infect other children, and supplementary food and vitamins should be used if necessary during the winter months.
How should children be educated and informed about health?
As a result of malnutrition in childhood, especially between the ages of 0-2, the susceptibility to heart, diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer and diseases affecting the immune system increases in later life. For this reason, children should be taught balanced nutrition, hygiene rules, tooth brushing, hand washing, sleep patterns to prevent diseases through games, books, theater and drama, and parents at home should be an example to the child. Fun, practical training should be given by experts in the field at certain periods in schools.
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