A tumor is a mass or swelling that occurs as a result of massive growths of cells that divide uncontrollably. The cause of most bone tumors is unknown.
What is a Bone Tumor?
The growing tumor spreads to healthy tissues over time, causing replacement of healthy tissues by tumor tissues, weakening the bone and leading to pathological fractures. If the necessary precautions are not taken on time, the spreading tumors can cause functional failure in the organ system in which they develop, and even threaten life by affecting the whole body.
Malignant bone and soft tissue tumors can be seen at any age, but are more common especially in childhood, adolescence and young adulthood.
What are the Causes of Bone Tumor?
What are the causes of these tumors? reasons, race, geographical factors, genetic and family history, gender and some hormones, hernias, growth and development age, some occupations, some chemicals (chemotherapy drugs), ionizing radiation, state of the person's immune system, some viruses (EBV, Hepatitis B, HPV) , Papovaviruses). In some cases, these findings are absent, while in some cases, there is a double or triple effect. It often increases at night.
These tumors do not occur due to traumatic reasons such as falling or hitting, but the pain increases after trauma (fall-impact, direct blow). Pathological fracture occurs in weakened bone, which increases pain. Some of these tumors cause fever and night sweats in the patient. Sometimes they present with a painless mass. Tumors can also be encountered by chance in movies shot in cases such as ankle traumas.
What are the Symptoms of a Bone Tumor?
If the pain occurs after injuries such as falling or impact
- If there are signs such as mass and stiffness in the aching area,
- Pain Bone pain that does not go away despite the use of a cutter If it has been going on for a long time,
- If the severity of long-standing pain is increasing gradually,
- If bone pain is accompanied by other symptoms such as loss of appetite, weakness, fatigue, fever, limping,
- If bone pain is accompanied by significant swelling and redness
The tumor may originate primarily from bone tissue, or it may originate from cancer that settles in the bone after metastasis.
- Multiple Myeloma: Multiple myeloma is the most common primary bone tumor. It is a malignant tumor of the bone marrow. It can affect any bone and is seen in patients aged 50-70 years.
- Osteosarcoma: Osteosarcoma is the second most common bone tumor. It often occurs in adolescence and in the knee region. Although rare, it can also be seen in the hip and shoulder region.
- Ewing sarcoma: Ewing sarcoma is most common between the ages of 5-20; There is bone destruction with a large soft tissue mass. It is most commonly seen in the upper and lower extremities, pelvis and rib bones in the body.
- Chondrosarcoma: It usually occurs between the ages of 40-70 with a mass in the hip region, pelvis and shoulder.
- Metastatic Bone Tumors: These are malignant tumors that spread to the bone from other organs. Patients often present with complaints of pain that does not go away with rest or pathological fractures. Prostate, lung and breast cancers are the most common types of cancer that metastasize to bones.
How is the Treatment of Bone Tumors
Treatment of bone tumor is multidisciplinary orthopedic oncologist, It is done by teamwork of medical oncologists, radiologists, radiation oncologists and pathologists. It is to protect the organ or extremity associated with the team aiming to defeat the cancer. Drug treatment (chemotherapy), radiation therapy (radiotherapy), surgical treatment.
Treatment approach black Biological behavior (type) and stage (spreading to other tissues) of the tumor play an important role in this.
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