Metabolic syndrome is a serious health problem that is increasing especially in developed countries. With the increase in socio-economic level, the increase in the proportion of ready-made foods in the diet has led to the consumption of ready-made foods and a more sedentary life. Thus, the frequency of co-occurrence of a number of metabolic problems has begun to increase. These problems include increased waist circumference, sugar metabolism, fat metabolism disorders and increases in blood pressure, and are defined as "Metabolic Syndrome". The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the USA is generally 21.8%, and with increasing age, this rate reaches up to 43.5%. According to World Health Organization data, it is stated that 30% of the total 58 million deaths (approximately 17,500,000 deaths) in 2005 were caused by the cardiovascular system and accompanying diseases. It is predicted that this rate will reach 36% in 2020. Although there are differences according to regions in our society, the frequency of metabolic syndrome is especially high in women. In people with metabolic syndrome, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future is 5 times higher and the risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is 2 times higher than in people without metabolic syndrome. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, sleep apnea syndrome, gallstones, gastroesophageal reflux, depression and asthma are also among the conditions associated with metabolic syndrome. In addition to classical findings such as high blood sugar, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol, high hepatic transaminase, hyperuricemia, and microalbuminuria, high CRP and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 can also be observed. Patients in the early stages may benefit from exercise and diet programs. However, surgical treatments should be considered in patients who are overweight or who cannot achieve successful results with diet and exercise. Who can undergo metabolic surgery? Metabolic surgery, also known as diabetes surgery among the public; If obesity patients have metabolic syndrome, it is also applied to type 2 diabetes patients, even if they are not obese. In these procedures, the food intake of the stomach is reduced and the hormonal changes that occur due to the deactivation of a part of the small intestines are utilized. In some patients, only obesity surgery is sufficient is happening. However, metabolic surgery is more appropriate, especially if there is type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, there are three basic metabolic surgery applications applied in clinical practice. All surgical techniques can be safely applied laparoscopically (closed method) in experienced hands. In this way, the patient recovers quickly and the hospital stay is minimized.
Read: 0
