-Dyslexia (difficulty in reading)
-Dysgraphia (difficulty in writing)
-Dyscalculia (difficulty in mathematics)
Learning disabilities manifest themselves in 3 different areas. The individual does not have to have problems in three different areas. He/she may have difficulties in one of the following areas.
DYSLEXIA (READING DIFFICULTY):
Even though the individual has normal intelligence or superior intelligence potential, he/she has difficulties in reading, writing and language areas. It is a specific learning disability that causes problems. Dyslexia; It usually causes the individual to have problems in reading areas.
Children with dyslexia (dyslexic) may fall behind their friends in learning level because they have difficulty in reading and writing. At the same time, comprehension impairment, conflict between skills and extreme inattention are also symptoms of dyslexia - learning difficulty.
-Unreadable and very slow handwriting,
-Certain letters and words are written backwards, missing or overwriting,
-Repeated spelling errors such as lower-case letters or punctuation marks,
-Not leaving any spaces between words or leaving spaces where unnecessary,
-Troubles in reading the clock,
-Difficulty in arithmetic such as four operations, learning symbols, multiplication tables,
-Having difficulties with direction skills, confusing right-left and back-front directions, direction words such as here-here,
-Frequently losing things Having difficulty in organizing, such as excessive disorganization and disorganization,
-Having difficulty in ordering skills, such as confusing the order of days and months, letters in a word, the beginning and end of a story,
-Jump rope, ball games, cutting with scissors. Problems with gross motor and fine motor skills such as buttoning, buttoning, etc.
Confusing similar/homophones: d-b-p, m-n, t-f / b-p, t-d, f-v, s-z
Reverse letter order detection: many = ram ; en = what ; and = house …
Letter skipping: pumpkin = kabk
Difficulty learning the alphabet
Difficulty reading or pronouncing unfamiliar or rarely used words< br />
Difficulty continuing reading the same line or moving from right to left to read the next line
Letter skipping
Two identical consonants next to each other:ti = ati; grocery store= bakal
Adding letters
Syllable repetition: Cafeteria = cafefeteria
Substitution: wheel / apprentice ;
Orthography: To distribute=to distribute=to impose…
DYSGRAPHY (DIFFICULTY WRITING):
Dysgraphia refers to difficulty in writing. Children with dysgraphia do not have any problems with their bodies or motor skills that prevent them from writing.
The writing of children with dysgraphia is complex or completely illegible. Apart from this, they may write slowly, may not put spaces between words, may write letters incorrectly or illegibly, or may mix up the placement of letters. They often misspell words and have difficulty expressing their thoughts in writing. Dysgraphia, like dyslexia, can cause the child to be perceived as disorganized and careless at school. Failure to understand one's writings causes the reader to become confused or misunderstand what is written. This situation negatively affects the evaluation and academic progress of the student with dysgraphia. They may be excluded from group work because they do not contribute or are “slow”. This may cause them to have low self-confidence and feel angry or nervous in social situations.
DYSCALCULIA (MATHEMATICAL LEARNING DISABILITY):
While some children have a special talent for mathematics, children with dyscalculia have particular difficulty learning mathematics. Briefly, dyscalculia refers to difficulty counting, understanding numbers and symbols, and grasping math topics. Children with dyscalculia have difficulty identifying patterns, recognizing mathematical symbols, and basic math operations. Therefore, their grades in mathematics courses are low. These deficiencies also cause some problems outside of school life. People with dyscalculia may also have difficulty in daily activities such as counting money and reading a clock and calendar.
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