Fertilization and Embryo Formation
The egg that is thrown from the ovary into the pelvic cavity is taken into the tube through the fimbriae of the fallopian tube, and after it is fertilized by the sperm, the cells begin to multiply by dividing, as well as into the intrauterine cavity. starts to lead. The embryo, which has reached the blastocyst stage, has also reached the intrauterine cavity, where it attaches to the endometrial tissue and continues to grow. This process can be followed from the image below.
What is an ectopic (ectopic) pregnancy?
If, for various reasons, the embryo moves into the uterine cavity after fertilization of the egg with sperm, If there is a pause, the embryo clings to the region where it pauses and starts to grow in this region before it can reach the uterine cavity. This is how the so-called ectopic pregnancy occurs.
Which patient group is at high risk for ectopic (ectopic) pregnancy?
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Previous ectopic pregnancy
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Ectopic pregnancy in the presence of IUD (Intrauterine device-spiral)
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Pelvic inflammatory disease history
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History of previous tubal surgery
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IVF pregnancy
Ectopic (ectopic) pregnancy What are the symptoms?
There may be no symptoms at first, or early pregnancy symptoms such as delayed menstruation, nausea and vomiting may be seen. In the following days, as the embryo grows in an inappropriate place, symptoms such as vaginal bleeding and groin pain may be seen. If the diagnosis is not made and the embryo continues to grow, it may cause the tube to rupture where it is placed. In this case, severe pain, bleeding into the abdominal cavity, associated blood loss, low blood pressure, fainting, and symptoms that can go up to shock may occur.
How is the diagnosis of ectopic (ectopic) pregnancy made?
In the presence of the above-mentioned clinical findings, although the beta hcg level in the blood indicates pregnancy, the diagnosis can be made by not seeing the embryo in the uterine cavity with transvaginal ultrasound and seeing an ectopic pregnancy lesion in the tubes or other possible localizations.
What are the ultrasound findings in ectopic (ectopic) pregnancy?
Transvaginal ultrasound performed In the examination, no embryo is seen in the uterine cavity. It is most commonly seen as a more heterogeneous, cystic or hypoechoic (black) central mass surrounded by a thick and hyperechoic (bright) contour in the tubes. In color Doppler ultrasound examination, this mass can be detected to show intense peripheral blood supply. Less frequently, the embryo can be seen in an intact gestational sac surrounded by chorionic tissue, and even heartbeat can be detected if the embryo is still alive.
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