The tissues surrounding the teeth, inflammatory diseases and their treatment are the main science. Periodontal diseases, also called gingival diseases, are serious bacterial infections that attack the gums and surrounding tissues. If they are not treated, the disease progresses and if the bone under the teeth is affected by infection, the bone may no longer be able to hold the teeth in place. Periodontal disease is not usually painful, so there are many individuals who are sick but not aware of it.
A dentist who specializes in periodontal disease is called a periodontist.
Which Diseases Does It Diagnose and Treat?
Before any restoration to be made in the mouth, maximum attention and care should be taken to ensure periodontal health. Periodontology treatment is not just about preventing and eliminating diseases. It also deals with the preparation of hard and soft tissues around the tooth before prosthetic applications. For this purpose, plastic surgery procedures are applied. Over-appearing gingival levels are corrected, color harmony is organized, crown lengthening processes are performed to increase the retention of crown bridge restorations, exposed root surfaces can be closed with various plastic surgery procedures, congenital anomalies can be corrected, and a harmonious soft tissue support and transition can be provided in aesthetic dentistry applications. These processes are extremely sensitive, sometimes requiring working under the lens and sometimes with a microscope. In addition to these procedures performed by periodontology specialists, implant surgery, the creation of the infrastructure of implant-supported prostheses, plastic surgery procedures, the implementation of preventive measures for the healthy use of implants for a long time, the necessary interventions to eliminate infections around the implant, the application of bone grafts, the application of regenerative treatments. It is in the field of application of periodontology.
It is an inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of teeth and their supporting tissues (periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolar bone). Gingivitis has progressed to the alveolar bone (jawbone). The main cause of periodontitis is bacterial plaque and mechanical treatment. i can be done. However, genetic, environmental and systematic factors may also be factors in the formation of the disease. Among the systemic factors, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, Down syndrome, AIDS, blood diseases can be counted.
The first symptom of periodontal diseases, which are common in the society, is bleeding in the gums. The gingiva is red, swollen and has a shiny surface. Most of the time, these symptoms are accompanied by bad breath, itching in the gums, bleeding sensation, and sensitivity in the teeth. Most of the time, since the patient does not have a complaint such as pain, it can progress without symptoms. When the patient complains, the teeth without caries are shaken and lost due to the loss of supporting tissues.
What are the Symptoms of Gum Diseases?
The Most Common Symptoms of Gum Diseases are:
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Red, swollen, tender gums
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Bleeding while brushing
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Receding gums (gums moving away from the teeth)
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Rocking teeth
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Consistent bad breath
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Pusin between the teeth and gums
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Change in bite and jaw alignment
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Causes of Gum Diseases What are they?
As with many other oral health diseases, bacterial and plaque buildup is often the main cause. Other factors that can cause gum disease include:
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Genetics
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Lifestyle and habits
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Nutritively poor diet
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Smoking and chewing tobacco
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Autoimmune or systemic diseases
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Diabetes
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Hormonal changes in the body
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Teeth grinding, grinding
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Some drugs
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Excessive alcohol consumption
What are the types of periodontal disease?
Gum diseases are generally classified according to the stage of the disease.
Gingivitis. This is the mildest form of gum disease and is It is also called as bleeding. Gums are likely to be red, swollen and tender. Your gums can bleed easily during daily brushing. Treatment by a dentist and proper, regular care at home will help resolve these problems.
Mild periodontitis. Untreated gingivitis can lead to mild periodontitis. At this stage of gum disease, the formation of periodontal pockets is observed. These pockets are formed between the teeth and gums as a result of the recession of the gums. This can cause the loss of bone around the teeth. Immediate dental care is required to prevent bone resorption and gingival damage.
Moderate and advanced periodontitis. This stage is the most advanced stage of the disease, as a result of gingival recession surrounding the teeth, periodontal pockets deepen and bone loss occurs. At this stage, the teeth begin to loosen and may need to be extracted.
What are the Treatment Methods?
Treatment may include any or a combination of the following:
Tooth removal of tartar and plaque under their meat. Dental cleaning by your doctor will remove tartar and plaque under the gums and infected tissue in the early stages of the disease. It also fixes the damaged root surfaces of the teeth.
Medicines. Antibacterial drugs can be placed topically in periodontal pockets or oral medications can be taken.
Surgical. In cases where the disease progresses, the infected areas under the gums will be surgically cleaned, tissues will be reshaped or replaced.
The main purpose of periodontal treatment is to keep the hopeless, unhealthy teeth in the mouth. Different treatment methods are applied according to the type and severity of the disease. These; First of all, it can be simply summarized as oral hygiene education, calculus removal, root surface straightening, regenerative, reconstructive and mucogingival operations. At the same time, providing gingival aesthetics of individuals with a high smile line is within the scope of periodontal treatment.
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