Communicating begins with birth. From the moment they are born, babies communicate with the sounds they make when they are happy or uneasy, such as crying when they are hungry. These sounds are reflex sounds, and babies become reactive with the repetitive movements we make to make the baby laugh.
The games we make to make babies laugh teach babies about pre-speech skills, including turn taking. Another essential skill is making eye contact; Babies love to look at faces, and when they look at us, we understand that they want to initiate communication.
A 6-month-old baby is expected to make babbling sounds. It is a period when babies make sounds such as "ba ba ba" and "da da da", which are produced successively with lip, tongue and larynx movements. When babies start sitting, babbling also becomes meaningful and they make sounds to communicate, such as asking for a toy, which is called social spelling. If social spelling is delayed in babies, there may be a delay in speech.
The 9-month period of babies is the period of babbling and their parents say, "He has a big mouth, he talked, he will talk." They point, raise their arms, and express that they want to be held by combining sounds and movements to communicate. If a 9-month-old baby does not babble or uses vowels mostly and uses less consonants, a speech delay may be observed.
A 12-month-old baby should imitate 'mom, daddy' or two or three syllable words. He should say a few words, even if they are not clear. He/she fulfills single-stage instructions, for example, when his parent says 'Give me the ball', we expect him to understand and do it. He is expected to be able to use pointing and gestures.
The speech of 13-15 month old babies may not be understood by strangers, but they have at least 20 words. The baby looks at and shows 5-10 objects asked. By the age of 20 months, 50% of their speech can be understood by strangers.
We expect a two-year-old child to have at least 50 words or more. And we expect him to form a two-word sentence “mother su”. Must follow simple instructions. He/she can show the pictures in the book being read when asked and should be able to point out body parts when asked.
At the age of 2.5, he/she has knowledge of 400 words, can make sentences with two or three word phrases and can speak or speak. It should be understood by 75% of foreigners.
A 3-year-old child is expected to make sentences with 3-5 words, tell the past tense, and know his/her age or gender when asked. When he is 3-4 years old, he should be able to tell a story and answer simple 5W1H questions such as who, what, where, why. His speech must also be understandable to foreigners.
Language and speech skills in children develop gradually from month to month. This development may be different for each child, but those responsible for child care have an important role in the child's language development.
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