Mongolian Spot: It is one of the most common pigmentation changes in the neonatal period. It can be found most frequently in the sacral and gluteal regions, but also on the back, shoulders and legs (picture 1). They are single or multiple spots in a sharply defined bluish-gray tone, ranging in size from a few millimeters to 10-15 cm or rarely larger. Mongolian spots almost always disappear during pre-puberty. There is no malignant transformation. It does not require treatment and monitoring.
Infantile hemangiomas; It is a benign vascular tumor with superficial, deep or mixed types that is seen between 1% and 2.6% in the infantile period. They are most commonly seen in the head and neck region and are easily diagnosed with their bright red appearance. Typically between the 1st and 4th months of life. They appear in weeks, develop for 6-9 months, and then undergo involution and disappear around the age of 10. Only follow-up is recommended unless complications such as vision, nutrition, hearing loss, bleeding and secondary infection develop.
Toxic Erythema of the Newborn (Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum): It is a benign skin spot that is seen in 15-40% of newborns in the first 72 hours of life. While its frequency increases in term newborns, it decreases in low birth weight and preterm babies. The exact cause is unknown. It usually starts within the first 24-48 hours. It is mainly located in the proximal regions of the face, trunk and extremities.
4.Milia: These are pinhead-sized white blisters that are present at birth or develop within the first week and are most commonly seen on the cheeks. Although they can be in the mouth, they do not require treatment.
Miliaria (Rash): It is a common benign condition. Warm and humid environment, tight and impermeable clothing and fever are factors that facilitate the formation of miliaria. It is common in the first two weeks. It is often located in the head, neck and upper body. It should be kept in airy environments, no moisturizer should be applied to its skin, and its diaper should be changed frequently.
These are rashes seen on the cheeks, neck, back, hands and soles of the feet, and are present at birth. They disappear in 2-3 days, leaving a slight stain. Babies are healthy, there is no need for treatment.
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