There are 213 bones in our bones (except sesamoid bones - kneecaps in the adult body), which enable our body to stand upright and move;
- Protect our organs from external factors,
- Mineral These are our specially structured organs that store,
- Produce red and white blood cells,
- Make endocrine secretion.
We have three types of bone cells;
>- Osteoblast (responsible for bone formation),
- Osteoclast (responsible for bone destruction and mineralization),
- Osteocyte (responsible for calcium-phosphorus ion transfer).
- Osteoclast (responsible for bone destruction and mineralization).
- Osteocyte (responsible for calcium-phosphorus ion transfer).
Bone is an organ that grows and renews. Its growth continues until a certain age, and its renewal continues throughout life (in adults, an average of 10% of bone tissue is renewed every year). Bone growth continues until the ages of 16-18 in girls and 18-22 in boys. In the mid-twenties, bone mineral density begins to stabilize. Bone mineral density reaches its maximum level in the thirties. After the thirties, bone loss may begin depending on the individual's nutrition.
Diseases related to bone health;
- Osteoporosis,
- Osteoarthritis,
- Rachitism,
- Osteomalacia,
- Bone fractures.
The two most important factors in terms of bone health are healthy nutrition and physical activity. .
Factors effective in the renewal and protection of bone tissue;
- Serum calcium-phosphorus level,
- Parathyroid hormone,
- Some hormones (such as Calcitonin, estrogen, growth hormone),
- Nutrition and nutrients,
- Calcium,
- Vitamin D,
- Phosphorus,
- Vitamin A,
- Vitamin K,
- Fluorine,
- Magnesium,
- Copper,
- Iron,
- Manganese,
- Zinc,
- Sodium ,
- Alcohol,
- Isoflavones.
- Physical activity,
- Intestinal and kidney health.
Situations that may cause loss of bone mineral density:
- Hyperparathyroidism,
- Hyperthyroidism,
- Menopause,
- Smoking and alcohol use,
- Being physically inactive,
- Extreme thinness (Body Mass Index below 18.5 kg/m2).
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